Metabolism - Lecture Thirty-Four

Question 1

Fuel (e.g. glucose, fatty acid) ➝ Carbon dioxide + Water

Answer 1

The energy from the bonds of fuel are used to put the phosphate on ATP when furl is broken down

Question 2

What do the effects of alcohol involve?

Answer 2

The activation of the GABAa receptor

Question 3

How does alcohol effect the nervous system?

Answer 3

By binding to the GABAa receptor

Question 4

GABA

Answer 4

Is γ-aminobutyrate, a neurotransmitter transmitter derived from glutamate

Question 5

GABAa receptor

Answer 5

Is a membrane bound ligand-gated chloride channel

Question 6

What happens when the GABAa receptor is activated?

Answer 6

It selectively conducts Cl- ions causing an inhibitory effect on neurotransmission by reducing the chance of a successful action potential, the GABAa receptor damps down responses to other stimuli

Question 7

Agonist sedative examples

Answer 7

Benzodiazepines and barbiturates and alcohol

Question 8

Elimination of alcohol by alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme

Answer 8

Is steady

Question 9

Acetaldehyde ➝ Acetate

Answer 9

By aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme

Question 10

What is required to get CoA to bond with acetate ti form Acetyl CoA?

Answer 10

ATP energy

Question 11

Consequences of alcohol metabolism

Answer 11

Increase in ATP, and NADH/NAD+
Slows both the citric acid cycle electron transport pyruvate dehydrogenase glycolysis (phosphofructokinase) and fatty acid oxidation

Question 12

What does fatty acids being esterfied to triacylglycerols cause?

Answer 12

Fatty liver

Question 13

Increase in NADH/NAD+ causes

Answer 13

Pyruvate ➝ lactate which results in a decrease in pH

Question 14

Increase in NADH/NAD+ inhibits

Answer 14

Gluconeogenesis, this can cause low blood glucose and coma