Proteins - Lecture Three

Question 1

Proteins

Answer 1

Are non-branching polymers that form macromolecules about 50-100 x 10-10 m in size

Question 2

What are proteins composed of?

Answer 2

A specific sequence of amino acids joined together by chemical bonds called peptide bonds

Question 3

How many different amino acids are used to make proteins

Answer 3

20

Question 4

Depicting the protein structure

Answer 4

Protein crystallography
Electron cryo-microscopy
NMR spectroscopy

Question 5

Depicting the chemical structure of a protein

Answer 5

Skeletal
Ball and stick
Space-filling

Question 6

Cell signalling hormone

Answer 6

Insulin

Question 7

Insulin

Answer 7

After a meal, insulin is generated and binds to the insulin receptor to signal cells to take up glucose

Question 8

Metabolism and digestion

Answer 8

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 9

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 9

Helps to metabolise ethanol

Question 10

Hexokinase

Answer 10

Adds phosphate to glucose, after glucose is taken up by the cell

Question 11

Oxygen transport metabolism

Answer 11

Haemoglobin

Question 12

Haemoglobin

Answer 12

Binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it in the blood to tissues for use in metabolism

Question 13

Protein digestion

Answer 13

Trypsin

Question 14

Trypsin

Answer 14

Breaks down proteins during digestion

Question 15

Immune protection

Answer 15

Antibody

Question 16

Antibodies

Answer 16

Bind to cellular invaders like bacteria and viruses to help protect the body from infection