Nutrition in Health and Disease Flashcards
definition of diet
sum total of all foods ingested
definition of food
the individual items ingested
definition of nutrients
chemically defined compounds required by the body
basal requirements- membrane function
pumps
transport
signalling
what is the demand of variable component
Cost of processing the dietary intake
Cost of Physical activity
Cost of maintaining body temperature
Cost of growth
how do you measure basal metabolic rate?
direct calorimetry
what is nutritional failure?
Failure to meet the nutritional requirements of the individual Development of deficiencies [Weight loss] Or Excess [Obesity]
what is the definition of malnutrition?
As state of nutrition in which a deficiency or excess (or imbalance) of energy, protein, and other nutrients, causes measurable adverse effects on tissue / body form, (body size, shape, composition) body function and clinical outcome.
whats the difference between over and undernutrition
over nutrition leads to obesity
under nutrition leads to weight loss and impaired fucntion
what is obese on the BMI scale?
> 30
what is overweight on the BMI scale?
> 25
what is underweight on the bmi scale?
<20
what is physical impairment on the BMI scale?
<18
clinical consequences of malnutrition
- Impaired immune response
- Reduced muscle strength
- Impaired wound healing
- Impaired psycho-social function
- Impaired recovery from illness and surgery
- Poorer clinical outcomes
causes of undernutrition
Appetite Failure
Access Failure
Intestinal Failure
