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Path 2019 > neoplasia III > Flashcards

neoplasia III Flashcards

1
Q

meteplasia

A

reversible, cell type substitution, adaptive to a stress response, usually non neoplastic

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2
Q

hyperplasia

A

increased cell proliferation, physiologic or pathogenic, atypical> neoplastic

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3
Q

dysplasia

A

pre cancerous, disordered growth: pleomorphic, hyperchromasia, increased mitotic activity, intact BP (but non metestatic)

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4
Q

atypical hyperplasia

A

more in breast, endometrium, glandular lung. Increases CA risk

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5
Q

what is the significance of cancer pathology?

A

guide treatment, ID if benign or malignant, if malignant GDADE

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6
Q

GRADE

A

done by pathologist, degree of differentiation and cytologic features (mitosis, nucleus)

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7
Q

higher grade cancers

A

aggressive, recur, respond to chemo

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8
Q

STAGE

A

path + clinical> TNM. help with PROGNOSIS

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9
Q

lower stage cancers

A

better survival

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10
Q

biomarkers

A

tumor attributes which affect treatment (Her2)

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11
Q

immunohistochemistry

A

when tumor is undifferentiated, test for markers which ID original source (use AB)

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12
Q

examples of immunohistomarkers

A

PSA, cytokeratin (carcinoma/ epithelial) , ER/PR (breast) , CD45 (lymphoma), LCA (common lymphocytic marker), S100- common neuroendocrine marker)

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13
Q

prognostic factors

A

info on prognosis without treatment (is there mets? grade/size/prolif

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14
Q

predictive factors

A

likelihood of response to a specific DRUG. Her2, ER (tamoxifen)

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15
Q

cytogenetic tools

A

Fish, multigene, next gen, serum markers

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16
Q

what to we measure to track relapse?

A

serum tumor markers@

17
Q

paraneoplastic syndrome

A

tumors can secrete molecules, systemic effects

18
Q

examples of paraneoplastic

A

lung squam> PTH>hypercalcemia. Lung small cell>ACTH>Cushing

19
Q

lung squamous makes

A

PTH>Hypercal

20
Q

lung small cell makes

A

ACTH> Cushing

21
Q

serum marker CEA

A

colorectal, pancreatic, gastric, breast

22
Q

CA125

A

ovarian

23
Q

CA 19-9

A

panc, biliart

24
Q

AFP

A

hepatocellular cancer

25
Q

BHCG

A

gestational tumors

26
Q

APC

A

tumor suppressor, colon cancer

27
Q

s100

A

melanoma

Path 2019 (7 decks)

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