Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT > Chapter 31- Orthopaedic Injuries > Flashcards

Chapter 31- Orthopaedic Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What does the term musculoskeletal refer to?

A

Bones and voluntary muscles of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The muscular system included three types of muscles:

A

Skeletal (striated)
Smooth
Cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of muscle makes up the larges portion of the body’s muscle mass?

A

Skeletal (striated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Primary function of skeletal muscle:

A

Movement and posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Smooth muscle is a component of other body systems like:

A

Digestive system and the cardiovascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Skeletal muscle is directly attached to the bone by tough, rope like structures known as what?

A

Tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fascia

A

Fibrous tissue, tendons are an extension of fascia, it covers all skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bones in the skeleton produce what?

A

Blood cells in the bone marrow and serve as a reservoir for important minerals and electrolytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the pectoral girdle consist of?

A

Two scapulae and two clavicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What bones make up the forearm?

A

Radius and ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What bone is larger? Radius or ulna?

A

Radius and it lies on the thumb side of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Three sets of bones in the hands

A

Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the shin bone?

A

Tibia, responsible for supporting the major weight-bearing surface of the knee and ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What bone runs behind the tibia?

A

Fibula, it is much smaller than the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the largest tarsal bone?

A

Calcaneus (heel bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Definition of a joint

A

Wherever two bones come into contact

17
Q

How are joints held together?

A

They are held together in a tough fibrous structure known as a capsule which is supported and strengthened in certain areas by bands of fibrous tissue called ligaments

18
Q

Ligaments

A

Connects bone to bone, strengthens joints

19
Q

Articulate cartilage

A

Found covering the end of bones that are moving joints

Pearly white substance that allows the ends of the bones to glide easily

20
Q

What are joints bathed and lubricated by?

A

Synovial fluid

21
Q

Zone of injury

A

The area of soft tissue, including the adjacent nerves and blood vessels, that surround the obvious injury of a bone or joint

22
Q

Fracture

A

A broken bone

23
Q

Closed fracture

A

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken

24
Q

Open fracture

A

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken

25
Q

Non displaced fracture

A

Also known as a hairline fracture, it is just a simple crack of the bone that may be difficult to distinguish from a sprain or simple contusion

26
Q

Displaced fracture

A

Produces actual deformity, or distortion, of the limb by shortening, rotating, or angulating it.

27
Q

Particular types of fractures

A

Comminuted- when the bone is broken into more than 2 fragments

Epiphyseal- when the growth section of a child’s bone is damaged and may lead to growth abnormalities

Greenstick- an incomplete fracture that may only go partway through the bone but still may cause angulation

Incomplete- a fracture that does not run completely through the bone

Oblique- a fracture in which the bone is broken at an angle across the bone

Pathologic- a fracture of weakened or diseased bone

Spiral- caused by twisting or spinning force, causing a long, spiral-shaped break in the bone

Transverse- occurs straight across the bone, usually a result of a direct blow

28
Q

Point tenderness

A

Tenderness on the point of injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of the finger

29
Q

Rapid swelling from a fracture usually indicates what?

A

Bleeding

30
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Discoloration of the skin, fractures are almost always associated with this

31
Q

Crepitus

A

A grating or grinding sensation of the bone rubbing together

32
Q

False motion

A

A point in the limb where there is no joint

33
Q

Dislocation

A

A disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact

34
Q

Reduce

A

Return to its normal position (associated with dislocations)

35
Q

Sprain

A

Occurs when a joint is twisted or stretched beyond its normal range of motion.

36
Q

What can a sprain injure?

A

Ligaments, articulations capsule, Sylvia membrane, and tendons crossing the joint.

37
Q

Strain

A

Stretching or tearing of the muscle and/or tendon, causing pain, swelling, and bruising of the soft tissues in the area.

38
Q

Amputation

A

An injury in which an extremity is completely severed from the body

39
Q

Static nerve

A

The major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of muscle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot

EMT (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions