Energy and ATP

Question 1

All energy is transferred from the ___

Answer 1

sun

Question 2

Define energy

Answer 2

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only change its form

Question 3

ATP and ADP is a ____ molecule

Answer 3

phosphorylated macromolecule

Question 4

Adenine + ribose =

Answer 4

Adenosine

Question 5

Adenine + ribose + 1 phosphate =

Answer 5

Adenosine Monophosphate ( AMP)

Question 6

Adenine + ribose + 2 phosphate =

Answer 6

Adenosine Diphosphate ( ADP)

Question 7

Adenine + ribose + 3 phosphate =

Answer 7

Adenosine triphosphate ( ATP)

Question 8

Describe the bonds between Pi

Answer 8

unstable = low activation energy

when they are broken huge amounts of energy is released

Question 9

What is the equation for the creation of ADP

Answer 9

HYDROYSIS
ATP + ( H20) -> ADP + Pi + E

CATALYSED BY ATP HYDROLASE

Question 10

What is the equation for the creation of ADP?

Answer 10

HYDROYSIS
ATP + ( H20) -> ADP + Pi + E

CATALYSED BY ATP HYDROLASE

Question 11

What is the equation for the creation of ATP?

Answer 11

CONDENSATION REACTION
ADP -> ATP + H20

CATALYSED BY ATP SYNTHASIS

Question 12

Where does the synthesis of ATP occur?

Answer 12

PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION
[In chlorophyll- containing cells during photosynthesis]
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORLATION
[In plant and animal cells during respiration]
SUBSTRATE-LEVEL PHOSPHORLATION
[ In plant and animal cells when phosphate groups from Donor molecules to ADP ]

Question 13

Which reaction
releases energy
requires energy

Answer 13

releases energy = hydrolysed ATP

requires energy = synthesised ATP

Question 14

Why is ATP good for its role ?

Answer 14

Immediate energy store (better than glucose)
Each molecule of ATP releases more energy than glucose
Energy = smaller more manageable quantities
Hydrolysis ATP -> ADP = single reaction

Question 15

Why is ATP a good energy source?

Answer 15

Immediate energy store (better than glucose)
Each molecule of ATP releases more energy than glucose
Energy = smaller more manageable quantities
Hydrolysis ATP -> ADP = single reaction

Question 16

ATP cannot be ______

Answer 16

stored

Question 17

Describe the roles of ATP

Answer 17

Metabolic processes = building macromolecules
Movement = Energy for muscle contraction. Filaments of muscle slide past each other and shorten overall length
Active Transport = Change shape of carrier proteins in plasma membrane which allows molecules/ ions to move against the concentration gradient
Secretion= Form Lysomes necessary for the secretion of cell products
Activation of molecules = inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP can phosphorylate other compounds to make then more reactive ( by lowering the activation energy)

Question 18

Name the roles of ATP

Answer 18

Metabolic processes
Movement
Active Transport
Secretion 
Activation of molecules

Question 19

Give two ways in which the hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells

Answer 19

To provide energy for other
reactions/named process

To add phosphate to other
substances and make them more
reactive/change their shape