Week 5: Parasitology Flashcards
1
Q
What is a parasite?
A
An organism that lives on or in an organism and gets its food from or at the expense of host
2
Q
What is a vector?
A
- A living transmitter of disease
- involved in essential steps of the parasitic life cycle
3
Q
What is a parasite reservoir?
A
- Sources of parasites in the environment
- could be ecological system where an infectious agent survives indefinately
- Includes all the component host populations including that of any intermediate host or vector
4
Q
What is a definitive host?
A
- Host in which parasites have sexual reproduction
- Primary host
5
Q
What is the intermediate host?
A
Host in which parasites asexually reproduce or do not reproduce at all but do develop into a new stage
6
Q
What is an incidental host?
A
- Host that is infected but not required for the maintenance of the population
7
Q
Features of Protozoa
A
- Single-celled Eukaryotes
- Replication inside the host
- Trophozoite
- active form
- replicates by binary fission
- Cyst
- Dormant, non-replicative form
- Protected by double-membranes
8
Q
Features of Helminths
A
- Multicellular Animals
- Complex life-cycles
- do not complete life cycle within a single human host
- Reproduce sexually
- May form cysts
- protected by an impermeable cuticle
9
Q
Features of Amoebas
A
- Psuedopod used for motility
- Alternate between trophozoite & cyst forms
10
Q
Features of Flagellates & Ciliates
A
Use flagella or cilia for locomotion
11
Q
Features of sporozoa
A
- Gliding motility
- Intracellular replication
12
Q
Types of protozoa parasites
A
- Amoeba
- Flagellates & Ciliates
- Sporozoa
13
Q
Examples of protoza locomotion
A
- Giardia lamblia trophozoite “falling leaf”
- Cryptosporidium sporozoite gliding motion
14
Q
Protozoa reproduction
A
- Asexual reproduction
- Trophozoite form reproduces by binary fission inside host
15
Q
Categories of helminths
A
- Nematode (Roundworm)
- Trematode (Flatworm)
- Cestode (Tapeworm)
