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Infectious Disease > Week 6: Antimicrobial resistance > Flashcards

Week 6: Antimicrobial resistance Flashcards

1
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Case 1

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2
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Question

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3
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Mechanisms of resistance

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  • Intrinsic resistance
  • Transfer of genetic material encoding for resistance
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4
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What is intrinsic resistance

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Innate ability of bacterial species to resist activity of drug

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5
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What mechanisms of resistance can be in Genetic material coding for resistance

4 listed

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  • Alteration of target antibiotic
  • Enzymatic degradation of antibiotic
  • Changes in cell wall permeability
  • Production of efflux pumps
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6
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Case 2

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7
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Question

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8
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Mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer

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9
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What is Transformation?

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  • Transformation involves uptake of short fragments of naked DNA by naturally transformable bacteria
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10
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What is Transduction?

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Transfuction involves transfer of DNA from one bacterium into another via bacteriophages

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11
Q

What is Conjugation?

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Conjugation involves transfer of DNA material via sexual pilus and requires cell-to-cell contact

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12
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Case 3

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13
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Question

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14
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VRE AKA

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Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

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15
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VSE AKA

A

Vancomycin-Susceptible Enterococci

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16
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Describe the mechanism of vancomycin susceptible enterococci

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17
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Describe the mechanism of vancomycin-resistant enterococci

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18
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Case 4

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19
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What is the MIC

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20
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Case 5

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Case 6

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Case 7

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Case 8

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Case 9

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31
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Explain how drug resistance arises

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32
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Why and when to order Genotype testing of HIV

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34
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Causes of HIV resistance to ARVs

6 listed

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35
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How to prevent HIV Resistance to ARVs

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36
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Case 10

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37
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38
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Mycobacterial Resistance mechanisms

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  • Naturally occurring mutations can confer resistance
  • On drug-therapy, drug-susceptible organisms are killed selecting for drug-resistant mutants
39
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When should Mycobacterial Resistance be considered in patients

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  • Who remain culture positive after 2-4 months of treatment
  • Patients who have previously been treated for TB
  • Contacts of patients with drug-resistant TB
  • Patients born in countries or who reside in setting where drug-resistant TB is prevalent
40
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Treatment principles for Active TB

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41
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Case 11

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Case 12

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Case 13

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48
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Case 14

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Infectious Disease (82 decks)

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