Eyes and Orbit

Question 1

what bones make up the orbit

Answer 1

frontal
maxilla
zygomatic
sphenoid
palatine
ethmoid
lacrimal

Question 2

name the three foramen at the orbit

Answer 2

optic canal
superior orbital fissure
inferior orbital fissure
infraorbital foramen

Question 3

what passes through the optic canal

Answer 3

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

Question 4

what passes through the superior orbital fissure

Answer 4

oculomotor nerve
trochlear nerve
trigeminal nerve - V1 - ophthalmic nerve
abducens nerve
superior ophthalmic vein

Question 5

what passes through the inferior orbital fissure

Answer 5

inferior ophthalmic vein

trigeminal nerve - V2 - maxillary nerve

Question 6

what passes through the infraorbital fissure

Answer 6

infraorbital nerve

infraorbital artery

Question 7

what is the sclera

Answer 7

white tough fibrous part of the eyeball

Question 8

what is the cornea

Answer 8

transparent and lets light hit retina

Question 9

what is the anterior chamber filled with

Answer 9

aqueous humour

Question 10

what is the virtuous body filled with

Answer 10

virtuous humour

Question 11

describe the structure of the eyeball

Answer 11

at the front - cornea, iris and then lens
lens is suspended by zonular fibres
cillary body and muscle at each side of lens
sclera - choroid - retina
vitrous body seperated by hyaloid canal
optic disk at the back
optic nerve and central retinal a. and v.

Question 12

name and place the muscles of the eyeball

Answer 12

superior levator pelpebrae
------superior oblique--- goes through trochlear sling
                superior rectus   
                              |
lateral rectus - eyeball - medial rectus
                               |
                      inferior rectus
------------------inferior oblique --------runs under eyeball

Question 13

what nerves innervate the muscles of the eye

Answer 13

LR - abducens nerve
MR IR SR IO and superior levator pelpebrae - occulomotor nerve
SO - trochlear nerve

Question 14

what is the function of each eye muscle

Answer 14

superior levator pelpebrae - elevates upper eyelid
SR - elevates, adducts, rotates eyeball medially
IR - depress, adducts, rotates eyeball laterally
MR - adducts eyeball
LR - abducts eyeball
SO - medially rotates, depresses, abducts eyeball
IO - laterally rotates, elevates, abducts eyeball

Question 15

name the ligaments of the eye

Answer 15

Whitnalls ligament
lateral canthal tendon
medial canthal tendon
Lockwood ligament

Question 16

name the two intrinsic muscles of the eye

Answer 16

sphincter and dilator pupillae

Question 17

name the function and nerve innervation of sphincter pupillae

Answer 17

muscles contract to bright light - oculomotor nerve

Question 18

name the function and nerve innervation of dilator pupillae

Answer 18

muscles contract to dim light - postganglionic sympathetic nerve

Question 19

what is the ciliary body

Answer 19

contains ciliary muscles which control the shape of lens and accommodation of lens
it if found in the posterior chamber
innervated by optic nerve

Question 20

what does the lacrimal apparatus consist of

Answer 20

lacrimal gland
lanrimal canaliculi
lacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct

Question 21

what is the function of the lacrimal apparatus

Answer 21

tear production and drainage

Question 22

what innervates the lacrimal gland

Answer 22

facial nerve

Question 23

what reflexes are linked to the eye

Answer 23

corneal reflex

pupillary reflex