Design for remanufacturing and recycling

Question 1

Where in the life cycle perspective does DfRem occur?

Answer 1

In the end of life treatment. You try to recover and bring back material.

Question 2

What is DfRem?

Answer 2

Design for remanufacturing

Question 3

Please, give some examples of preferable product properties for Remanufacturing

Answer 3

Ease of:
- identification
- access
- separation
- alignment
Wear resistance (hur tåligt materialet är för återanvändning

Question 4

Give an example of DfRem

Answer 4

Fuji Quick Snap. Their disposable cameras had snap fits that enabled a fast disassembly and products could be remanufactured. Fuji could change design of the cameras but not the snap fits.

A disposable camera was actually a remanu. camera

Question 5

Why is hygenic design a part of DfRem?

Answer 5

By using chamfers instead of sharp lines in refrigerator design you make the cleaning easier.

Question 6

How can you optimize production techniques?

Answer 6

Choose production technologies that use less energy
Choose processes that consume less materials
Choose processes that gives high product quality with low rework and discarded products
Reduce the amount of production steps.
Have good work environment in productions.
Choose processes that gives low emissions
Reduce production waste

Question 7

How is reuse and remanufacturing of products an example of optimization of end-of-use in life cycle perspective?

Answer 7

Reuse/reman of products:

• Classic design makes it more attractive for next user
• A good technical design makes the product not grow old in advance

Question 8

How is reuse and remanufacturing of components an example of optimization of end-of-use?

Answer 8

You ease disassembly through:

• Modularization
• Use few fasteners
• Use fasteners that are possible to disassemble like snap fits and screws
• Standardize screw types
• Plan the product so disassembly can be made from one direction

Question 9

How is recycling of materials an optimization of end-of-life?

Answer 9

Ease disassembly through:

• Use materials that have a recycling market.
• Use few materials
• Try to achieve recyling by machines
• Avoid hazardous materials that complicates recycling
• Do not combine materials that contaminate each other in recycling

Question 10

Name three important aspects about product design

Answer 10

1. Fast technology development –> previous product versions becomes obsolete/dated
2. Are there any specific components that are worn out faster than other product components? Can this be prevented?
3. If products are easy to repair and maintain they often have a longer technical life time

Question 11

Why is minimize weight a product design guideline?

Answer 11

Less energy consumption in material use and transportation.

Less costs for material and less waste in manufacturing

Question 12

Name different types on joining methods

Answer 12

Snap fits, screws, glueing, welding, lock rings

Question 13

What guidelines do joining methos have in product design?

Answer 13

• Use methods that facilitate a non destructive disassembly.
• Use methods that facilitates disassembly using few tools.
• Minimize the number of joints and place them where they are easy to access.

Question 14

What is important about snap fits?

Answer 14

Give them the proper dimension so they dont become weak.

Snap fits should be integrated in product parts in order to minimize the number of components and materials.

Question 15

What are some typical guidelines about screws?

Answer 15

• Aim to use shorter screws
• Protect the screws from dirt and corrosion
• Aim to have screws in the same materials as the parts being assembled.
• Use fewer types of screws to facilitate repair, maintenance and disassembly.

Question 16

Cons on screws as a joining method

Answer 16

• Time consuming disassebly

- Corrosion and other attacks can damage the screws and make disassembly hard or impossible

Question 17

What guidelines are important with using plastics?

Answer 17

• Combine plastics that can be recyled together.

- use smart design to lower material use

Question 18

What are the general guidelines from DFD fasteners?

Answer 18

• Minimize the overall number of fasteners
• Minimize the need of tools
• Fasteners should be easy to access
• Fasteners should be easy to remove

Question 19

What are the general DFE-guidlines on materials?

Answer 19

• Minimise the overall number of materials used in a products
• Use materials that can be recycled together and to the same quality
• Use materials that have been recycled as much as possible

Question 20

Explain the ecodesign strategy wheel

Answer 20

Ecodesign in seven aspects:

1. Product component level
2. Reduction of material usage
3. Optimization of production techniques
4. Optimization of distribution system
5. Reduction of impact during use
6. Optimizations of initial life time
7. Optimization of end-of-life system

Question 21

What does the ecodesign strategy wheel illustrate?

Answer 21

On which steps you will focus on improving (your priorities) for the new product in comparison to the existing product.