NATURE AND NURTURE PART I Flashcards
T or F: Almost everything is heritable
true
Behavior genetics
- does not measured genes directly
- used to find whether something is heritable
- makes comparisons btw people who are more or less alike each other
3 types of research designs used to study heritability
- identical vs. fraternal twins
- biological vs. adopted siblings
- twins reared apart
identical vs. fraternal twins research designs tell us that?
- compares 100% genetic similarity vs 50% genetic similarity
- When we see identical twins being more alike than fraternal twins = we are seeing heritability
- If genes matter we should see more similarity btw identical twins vs fraternal twins
- If genes matter those who share more similar genes will be more alike
- The more the amount of shared genes = the more similar they are —> genes matter/there is genetic influence
the more amount of shared genes = the more similar people are which tells us what?
- that genes matter
- there is genetic influence
-identical vs. fraternal twins
biological vs. adopted siblings research design tells us what?
-compares 50% vs. 0% genetic similarity
twins reared apart research design
- Finding identical twins separated at birth and raised separately
- Share 100% genes and very little of their environment
when twins reared apart show similarities it suggests what?
- that is not the environment that is making them similar but genetics
- genes matter
3 ways heritability is studied
- genetics
- shared environments
- non shared environments
T or F: identical twins share the same experience
False
But context of development may influence the extent of heritability. what does it mean by context?
sample or population specific
T or F: heritability does not vary across ecological conditions
False.
-heritability varies across ecological condition. they can be sample or population specific
Why is IQ highly heritable among the affluent but not as heritable among the lower class?
- Among the affluent genes seem to make an influence
- Ex: two plants have been both fertilize and watered equally= difference thus is due to genes
- In rich environments that support IQ, everyone rises to their highest IQ (receives equal fertilization) but some still have higher than more so variation is due to genetics
- Among the poor the environment seems to make more of an influence
- In poor environments IQ is supported differently, so people rise to different levels depending on the support (environment)
T or F: the genetic differences that when cared for get expressed, don’t get expressed in poor environments
true
what is considered the first cause for heritability
genes
