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Respiratory Medicine > Lung Function Tests > Flashcards

Lung Function Tests Flashcards

1
Q

What is spirometry?

A

Test used to asses lung function

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2
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

Normal volume moved by a normal breath

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3
Q

What is the inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Air that can still be breathed after normal breath

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4
Q

What is the expiratory reserve volume?

A

The extra air that can be exhaled after a normal breath

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5
Q

What is the residual volume?

A

Air that always remains in lungs

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6
Q

Why is there a residual volume?

A

Prevent alveolar collapse

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7
Q

What is inspiratory capacity?

A

Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

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8
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

A

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

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9
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

The maximum amount of air moved by lungs

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10
Q

What is the total lung capacity?

A

Vital capacity + residual volume

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11
Q

What can be calculated from spirometry?

A

FEV1
FVC
FEV1/FVC

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12
Q

What is FEV1?

A

Forced expiratory volume

Forced expiration in 1st second

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13
Q

What is FVC?

A

Forced vital capacity

Total volume that can be forcibly exhaled in one breath

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14
Q

What is FEV1/FVC?

A

Ratio

Compared to normal for height, age, sex

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15
Q

What is normal FEV1?

A

> 80%

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16
Q

What is normal FVC?

A

> 80%

17
Q

What is normal FEV1/FVC?

A

> 0.7

18
Q

What patient details do you need when taking spirometry>

A 
Name
Age
Height 
Ethnicity 
Gender
19
Q

What is the obstructive pattern on spirometry?

A

Reduced FEV1
Reduced FVC to a lesser extent
Reduced FEV1/FVC

20
Q

What causes an obstructive pattern?

A

COPD
Asthma
Emphysema

21
Q

How is COPD graded?

A

FEV1

Mild (stage 1) >80%
Moderate (stage 2) 50-79%
Severe (stage 3) 30-49%
Very severe (stage 4) <30%

22
Q

How do you test reversibility?

A

Preparation

  • no SABA for 6 hours
  • no LABA for 12 hours

400mg then repeat after 15 mins

23
Q

What is the restrictive pattern on spirometry?

A

Reduced FEV1
Reduced FVC
Normal FEV1/FVC

24
Q

What causes a restrictive pattern?

A

Fibrosis
Pulmonary oedema
Skeletal abnormalities
Neuromuscular diseases

Respiratory Medicine (18 decks)

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