Cell Exchange Materials

Question 1

Extracellular Fluid

Answer 1

The fluid immediately outside the cell.

Question 2

Intracellular Fluid

Answer 2

The fluid found inside the cell.

Question 3

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 3

The currently accepted model of the cell membrane, including phospholipid bilayer, carrier proteins, channel proteins.

Question 4

Cell/ Plasma Membrane

Answer 4

Surrounds the cell and forms the outer boundary.

Question 5

Phospholipid

Answer 5

Lipid molecules containing phosphate. (hydrophilic)

Question 6

Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 6

Two layers of phospholipids. With a hydrophilic head, and a hydrophobic tail, to allow only fat soluble substances to pass through.

Question 7

Differentially/ Semi- Permeable Membrane

Answer 7

A membrane which allows only SOME substances to pass through.

Question 8

Hydrophilic

Answer 8

Water-loving

Question 9

Hydrophobic

Answer 9

Water-hating

Question 10

Channel Protein

Answer 10

A channel in the cell membrane which allows ions, water and small molecules through.

Question 11

Carrier Protein

Answer 11

Carriers which are SPECIFIC and only bind to particular molecules.

Question 12

Receptor Protein

Answer 12

A membrane protein.

Question 13

Marker Protein

Answer 13

A membrane protein with an ID marker.

Question 14

Passive Process

Answer 14

A process that doesn’t require energy.

Question 15

Active Process

Answer 15

A process that does require energy.

Question 16

Diffusion

Answer 16

The movement of particles along a concentration gradient from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. PASSIVE

Question 17

Carrier Mediated

Answer 17

The movement of particles along a concentration gradient from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration via proteins in the membrane. The molecule attaches to the protein, when it bonds to the active site the protein changes shape, and is let out on the other side. PASSIVE

Question 18

Vesicular Transport

Answer 18

The movement of particles against the concentration gradient from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration in vesicles. ACTIVE

Question 19

Endocytosis

Answer 19

The process of taking solids or liquids into the cell by vesicular transport.

Question 20

Phagocytosis

Answer 20

When the vesicles contain solid particles.

Question 21

Pinocytosis

Answer 21

When the vesicles contain liquids.

Question 22

Exocytosis

Answer 22

The process of the vesicle being transported from the inside to the outside of the cell.

Question 23

Concentration/ Diffusion Gradient

Answer 23

The difference in concentration.

Question 24

Net Diffusion

Answer 24

Once particles have moved from areas of high concentration to low concentration, and the concentration is 50/50.

Question 25

Osmosis

Answer 25

Movement of water molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration when there is a difference in concentration of solute. PASSIVE

Question 26

Osmotic Pressure

Answer 26

A higher level on one side of the membrane which results in pressure to build.

Question 27

Active Transport

Answer 27

Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration. ACTIVE