9/10 Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
renal failure low calcium mechanism
A
elevated parathyroid hormone
2
Q
patua syndrome symptoms
A
one brain
open spinal cord
extra digits
hole in heart
3
Q
diabetic retinopathy tx
A
laser photocoagulation (tighter glucose control is prevention)
4
Q
ulcerative colitis structural finding
A
rectal involvement
5
Q
treatment of seborrheic dermatitis (greasy head)
A
topical hydrocortison plus ketoconazole
6
Q
treatment of local rose thorn disease
A
itraconazole (amphotericin B only for systemic)
7
Q
red statillite itchy lesions
A
candidal intertrigo
8
Q
hereditary colon, oaviran, gastric, prostate, endometrial syncdrome
A
hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) or lynch
9
Q
Zenker’s diverticulum (pocket in esophagus) next step
A
esophageal myotomy
10
Q
PAN secondary to Hep B tx
A
interferon alpha-2b
11
Q
painful enlarged thyroid dx
A
de Quervain thyroiditis
12
Q
Riedel thyroiditis
A
fixed nontedner nodule on thyroid with mass effect symptoms
13
Q
de Quervain thyroiditis tx
A
ibuprofen
14
Q
Exam and labs suggest pancreatitis next step
A
CT Abd to confirm
15
Q
Red scaly itchy round lesions Dx tx
A
Times corpis
Topical azoles
16
Q
Needs attention, provocative persondality
A
Histironic
17
Q
Thx for cbd stone to prevent dx
A
Pancreatitis
18
Q
Cutaneous T cell lesions dx
A
Mycosis fungios
19
Q
Syphilis screening only for pt
A
With increased risk
20
Q
Pt at risk for FAP age to start colonoscopy
A
Before puberty 12 yo
21
Q
Third degree burn tx
A
Immediate skin graft
22
Q
Sub clinical hypothyroidism with elevated Tsh next step
A
Txt with thyroxine
23
Q
Flash plum edema with card shock tx
A
Dopamine
24
Q
Metabolic abnormality associated with pyloric stenosis
A
Hypochlorde and hypo kale is metabolic alkalosis
25
Peeling rash kid with a fever dx tx assisted complications
Kawasaki
ASA
CAD
26
Hemmoragic liver Tumor tx
Follow up in 12 months, only if it continues to grow do surgery
27
Pagers breast untreated complication
Mets to bone
28
Most specific test for lupus
Anti-smith and anti-ds DNA (not ss)
29
BMI greater than 40 already dieting next step
Bariatric surgery
30
Dilated pupil type of herniatoin
Uncal
| Tonsil herniation is respect and cards depression
31
Seborrheic dermatitis tx
Topical azoles and hydrocortisone
32
Breastfed infant benefit
Decrease infections
33
Gastric symptoms and cough after parasite entered foot dx
Strongyloides stercotalis
34
Isolated cough no other symptoms dx
ACE Inhibitor
35
Uremic pericarditis ekg findings
The one pericarditis that doesn’t tend to cause diffuse STE
| Find peaked t waves
36
Braggards testing
Straight leg raise with dorsiflexoin indicating sciatic nerve compression
37
Symptomatic diabetic test to diagnose
Random glucose of 200 or greater
38
Screening for breast cancer recs
Every 2yrs starting at 50
39
Siege caps with hallucinations after lose dx
MDD
40
Iron deficiency anemia next test
Stool guac
41
Spot bone loss in setting of renal disease dx and labs
Hyper parathyroid
| Elevated PTH, alk phos, phosphate, low calcium
42
Hocm inheritance pattern
autosomal dominant
| Most pt heterozygous
43
Severe persistent asthma define and tx
Thoughout the day and night awakenings daily
| High steroids inhaled, long acting beta and shirt acting beta
44
Hip injury dorsiflexoin weakness dx
Sciatic nerve injury in posterior hip dislocation
45
Double bubble sign on X-ray young baby dx and test
Intestinal malrotatoin
| Upper gi series
46
Epididymtis cause
1st chlamydia
| 2nd gonorrhea
47
Gastric cancer symptoms what test
Endoscopy
48
Best malaria prophylaxis
Atovaquone-proguanil
49
Muscle energy tx set up
Pace the, in their barrier and have the, push into their ease
50
Decreased calcium and elevated PTH and decrease phosphate dx
Bit D def
| Low value drives PTH which drops phosphate
51
High PTH but low calcium and high phosphate dx
Pseudonypothyroidism
| Not responding to PTH leading to low calcium and high phosphate
52
Hypercalcemia underlying cause with normal PTH
Breast cancer most common cancer
53
Hypercaclemia low phosphate and high PTH dx
Hyperparathyroidism
54
Rule of nines in Bruin head+ upper extremity+ abd+ lower extremity
Full head 9
Full arm 9
Anterior abd 9
Anterior leg 9 (full 18)
55
Child rule of nines
Subtract 1% from head for ever over one years
| Subtract 0.5% from each leg for over one year
56
Chronic wound from burn into cancer dx and test
Marjolin ulcer
Squamous cell
Complete excisional biopsy
57
test for HIV with symptoms
HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody immunoassay
| ELISA only for asx
58
cervical nerves exit
above vertabrae
59
thrombosed hepatic veins of IVC dz and next step
budd-chiari
| IV heparin
60
triangle bone tumor and fuzzy dz
osteosarcoma
61
hypopigmented macules on body + KOH shows round yeast dx and tx
tinea versicolor
| selenium sulfide or antifungals
62
confindence interval is significant when
greater than 1.0 and does not include 1.0
63
acne caused by
propionibacterium acnes, anaerobic gram positive bacillus
64
large blue birth mark dx
congenital dermal melanocytosis
65
perforation of esophagus definitive step in dx
iodinated contrast esophagram
66
kidney injury and eosinophils dx
acute interstitial nephritis
67
kidney injury + muddy brown casts dx
acute tubular necrosis
68
tx sleep apnea prevents
pulm HTN, CVA, TIA, and MI
69
oliohyramnios increase risk
C-section
70
acute rheumatic fever tx
penicillin
71
preservedHF on furesimide with hx of HTN tx
spironolactone
72
cluster headache prophylaxis
verapamil
73
pump handle action ribs
ribs 1-5
74
SBO initial test
xray
75
guillain-barre syndrome tx
plasmapheresis
76
type of branch block? with bunny ears in V1 and V2
RBBB
77
type of branch block, deep S in V1 and bunny ears in V6
LBBB
78
healthy kid with random low calcium and seizures dx and other physical findings
```
hereditary hypocalcemia (type 1a pseudohyoparathyroidism)
short metacrapal bones
```
79
pt with cardiac hx and planned surgery med beforehand
beta blockers
80
most effective birth control
iud
81
parkland formula
% BSA x body weight kg x 4cc
82
types of microvascular complications in DM
microalbuminuria
83
hiccups omm tx
myofascial release diaphragm
84
incontinence after hysterectomy tx
surgery
85
pancreatic pseudocyts tx
observe and NPO
| if doesn't resolved endoscopic cystogastrostomy
86
hypopigmented skin lesions, siezures, mental retardation dx
tuberous sclerosis
87
hpeatic adenomas tx
surgery if symptomatic over 5cmm or don't go away after OCP dc
88
RBC missing central clearing dx
test
tx
hereditary spherocytosis
osmotic fragility test
splenectomy
89
pemphigus vulgaris tx
oral prednisone
90
hormone replacement therapy increase risk of CA
breast CA
91
HA on OCP and 145/85 dx and tx
HTN
| dc OCP
92
irregular period first step
preg test
93
Bence Jones proteins
IgM spike
engorged retinal veins
dx
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
94
suspected scaphoid manage options
MRI
| cast repeat xray 7-14 days
95
elevated cortisol, lump on neck, chubby dx
cushings
96
staghorn calculi tx
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
97
rectal ca risk factor
smoking, HPV, anal sex
98
progressive dmential and muscle jerks dx
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
99
best test for kidney stone
ct
100
giant cell arteritis ass sx
proximal muscle pain
101
eat disorder regardless of method with body weight 85% less than expected
anorexia nervosa
102
HTN in a young white person with no FHX of HTN,causes
secondary cause, likely renal artery stenosis
103
inferior pubic shear treatment
flex and abduct hip while stabilzing contralateral ASIS, then push in
104
humeral shaft damage structure and effect
radial nerve
| wrist extension weakness and dorsal numbness
105
pregnancy effects on cardiovascular
decrease systemic vascular resistance
| increase volume, HR, CO, SV
106
dermatitis herpetiformis tx
dapsone
107
primary hyperaldosteronism tx
spironolactone
108
allergic rhinitis, rash, asthma, P-ANCA
| dz
churg-strauss
109
chronic pain and decrease ROM in hip dz
avascular necrosis
110
steroids for mom is less than
34 weeks
111
sigmoid vovulus tx
sigmoidoscopy decompression
112
tourette associated other dz
OCD
113
lice tx
topical spinosad
114
endometriosis tx
OCP and NSAIDS
115
intermittent TIAs cause
carotid stenosis
116
HTN urgency in young female cause
fibromuscular dysplasia
117
SIADH tx
fluid restriction
118
study comparing two things test
chi-square test
119
poor wound healing cause in chron's disease
steroid use
120
amenorrhea cause not preg
hypothalmic (decrease GnRH)
121
chronic productive cough, sob with hx lung infections dx and test
bronchiectasis
| CT
122
hyperglycemia, elevated glucagon, decrease amino acids dx
glucagonoma (made from alpha cells)
123
leukemia in child most likley dx
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
124
paralyzed and lack pain and temperature cord syndrome
anterior cord syndrome
125
viral symptoms with oral ulcer dx
HIV
126
decreased breast milk tx
refer to lactation
only after start metoclopramide
(bromo tx too much milk)
127
Cushing sx next step
| elevated cortisol and decrease ACTH
CT adrenal glands
| steroid suppression if ACTH elevated
128
HUS with diarrhea expected lab findings
elevated LDH and decreased haptoglobin
129
kimmelstiel-wilson nodules on renal bx, what tx to slow dz
diabetic nephropathy
| ACE inhibitors
130
rare disease need for find best way to tx type of study
meta-analysis
131
bipolar I vs II
I is true bipolar
| II is hypomanic
132
back pain after strenios activity dx and cause
herniated disc due to annulus fibrosus rupture
133
hx of psoriais with suddedn generalized redness and burning, fever, chills, jt pain dx and tx
pustualr psoriais
| oral retinoids, methotrexat, mofetil, cyclosporine, TNF inhibitors
134
case series purpose
when exposure notknonow and needs to be found
135
post op fever within three days
focus on symptoms and test accordingly
| CT Abd after four days post op
136
outside US goiter cause
iodine deficiiency
| hypothyroidism
137
newborn with sickle cell tx
BID penicillin prophylaxis
pneumonia vaccine after 2 years old
hydroxyurea for severe and symptomatic sickle cell
138
type I error vs type II
type I rejected null hypothesis incorrectly
| type II accept incorrect hypothesis
139
ALS tx
riluzole
140
cystic mass in scrotum that transilluminates dx
spermatocele (hydrocele is entire scrotum)
141
newborn with holosystolic murmur with thrill
VSD (most common congenital heart)
142
pruritus with elevated bile acids tx
cholestyramin or colestipol
143
tricuspid regurg vs stenosis
stenosis low rumble
regurg blowing
both loader with inspiration
144
t score vs z score
t score uses population estimates
145
restlessness on antipsychotics tx
propranolol
146
cleft lip newborn tx
special nipple feeding and repair at 3-6mo`
147
looks like really bad tinea with drainage dx
kerion
148
high cholesterol tx also has dm, heart disease, or extremly high levels
lifestyle and statin
149
preg wt recs
25-35 lbs
150
constrictive pericarditis tx
surgery
151
osteoporosis screening age
65 yo
152
shingles vaccine for age
50 and up
