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Comlex 3 > 9/10 > Flashcards

9/10 Flashcards

1
Q

renal failure low calcium mechanism

A

elevated parathyroid hormone

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2
Q

patua syndrome symptoms

A

one brain
open spinal cord
extra digits
hole in heart

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3
Q

diabetic retinopathy tx

A

laser photocoagulation (tighter glucose control is prevention)

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4
Q

ulcerative colitis structural finding

A

rectal involvement

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5
Q

treatment of seborrheic dermatitis (greasy head)

A

topical hydrocortison plus ketoconazole

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6
Q

treatment of local rose thorn disease

A

itraconazole (amphotericin B only for systemic)

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7
Q

red statillite itchy lesions

A

candidal intertrigo

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8
Q

hereditary colon, oaviran, gastric, prostate, endometrial syncdrome

A

hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) or lynch

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9
Q

Zenker’s diverticulum (pocket in esophagus) next step

A

esophageal myotomy

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10
Q

PAN secondary to Hep B tx

A

interferon alpha-2b

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11
Q

painful enlarged thyroid dx

A

de Quervain thyroiditis

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12
Q

Riedel thyroiditis

A

fixed nontedner nodule on thyroid with mass effect symptoms

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13
Q

de Quervain thyroiditis tx

A

ibuprofen

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14
Q

Exam and labs suggest pancreatitis next step

A

CT Abd to confirm

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15
Q

Red scaly itchy round lesions Dx tx

A

Times corpis

Topical azoles

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16
Q

Needs attention, provocative persondality

A

Histironic

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17
Q

Thx for cbd stone to prevent dx

A

Pancreatitis

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18
Q

Cutaneous T cell lesions dx

A

Mycosis fungios

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19
Q

Syphilis screening only for pt

A

With increased risk

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20
Q

Pt at risk for FAP age to start colonoscopy

A

Before puberty 12 yo

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21
Q

Third degree burn tx

A

Immediate skin graft

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22
Q

Sub clinical hypothyroidism with elevated Tsh next step

A

Txt with thyroxine

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23
Q

Flash plum edema with card shock tx

A

Dopamine

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24
Q

Metabolic abnormality associated with pyloric stenosis

A

Hypochlorde and hypo kale is metabolic alkalosis

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25
Q

Peeling rash kid with a fever dx tx assisted complications

A

Kawasaki
ASA
CAD

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26
Q

Hemmoragic liver Tumor tx

A

Follow up in 12 months, only if it continues to grow do surgery

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27
Q

Pagers breast untreated complication

A

Mets to bone

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28
Q

Most specific test for lupus

A

Anti-smith and anti-ds DNA (not ss)

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29
Q

BMI greater than 40 already dieting next step

A

Bariatric surgery

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30
Q

Dilated pupil type of herniatoin

A

Uncal

Tonsil herniation is respect and cards depression

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31
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis tx

A

Topical azoles and hydrocortisone

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32
Q

Breastfed infant benefit

A

Decrease infections

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33
Q

Gastric symptoms and cough after parasite entered foot dx

A

Strongyloides stercotalis

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34
Q

Isolated cough no other symptoms dx

A

ACE Inhibitor

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35
Q

Uremic pericarditis ekg findings

A

The one pericarditis that doesn’t tend to cause diffuse STE

Find peaked t waves

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36
Q

Braggards testing

A

Straight leg raise with dorsiflexoin indicating sciatic nerve compression

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37
Q

Symptomatic diabetic test to diagnose

A

Random glucose of 200 or greater

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38
Q

Screening for breast cancer recs

A

Every 2yrs starting at 50

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39
Q

Siege caps with hallucinations after lose dx

A

MDD

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40
Q

Iron deficiency anemia next test

A

Stool guac

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41
Q

Spot bone loss in setting of renal disease dx and labs

A

Hyper parathyroid

Elevated PTH, alk phos, phosphate, low calcium

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42
Q

Hocm inheritance pattern

A

autosomal dominant

Most pt heterozygous

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43
Q

Severe persistent asthma define and tx

A

Thoughout the day and night awakenings daily

High steroids inhaled, long acting beta and shirt acting beta

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44
Q

Hip injury dorsiflexoin weakness dx

A

Sciatic nerve injury in posterior hip dislocation

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45
Q

Double bubble sign on X-ray young baby dx and test

A

Intestinal malrotatoin

Upper gi series

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46
Q

Epididymtis cause

A

1st chlamydia

2nd gonorrhea

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47
Q

Gastric cancer symptoms what test

A

Endoscopy

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48
Q

Best malaria prophylaxis

A

Atovaquone-proguanil

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49
Q

Muscle energy tx set up

A

Pace the, in their barrier and have the, push into their ease

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50
Q

Decreased calcium and elevated PTH and decrease phosphate dx

A

Bit D def

Low value drives PTH which drops phosphate

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51
Q

High PTH but low calcium and high phosphate dx

A

Pseudonypothyroidism

Not responding to PTH leading to low calcium and high phosphate

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52
Q

Hypercalcemia underlying cause with normal PTH

A

Breast cancer most common cancer

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53
Q

Hypercaclemia low phosphate and high PTH dx

A

Hyperparathyroidism

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54
Q

Rule of nines in Bruin head+ upper extremity+ abd+ lower extremity

A

Full head 9
Full arm 9
Anterior abd 9
Anterior leg 9 (full 18)

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55
Q

Child rule of nines

A

Subtract 1% from head for ever over one years

Subtract 0.5% from each leg for over one year

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56
Q

Chronic wound from burn into cancer dx and test

A

Marjolin ulcer
Squamous cell
Complete excisional biopsy

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57
Q

test for HIV with symptoms

A

HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody immunoassay

ELISA only for asx

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58
Q

cervical nerves exit

A

above vertabrae

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59
Q

thrombosed hepatic veins of IVC dz and next step

A

budd-chiari

IV heparin

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60
Q

triangle bone tumor and fuzzy dz

A

osteosarcoma

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61
Q

hypopigmented macules on body + KOH shows round yeast dx and tx

A

tinea versicolor

selenium sulfide or antifungals

62
Q

confindence interval is significant when

A

greater than 1.0 and does not include 1.0

63
Q

acne caused by

A

propionibacterium acnes, anaerobic gram positive bacillus

64
Q

large blue birth mark dx

A

congenital dermal melanocytosis

65
Q

perforation of esophagus definitive step in dx

A

iodinated contrast esophagram

66
Q

kidney injury and eosinophils dx

A

acute interstitial nephritis

67
Q

kidney injury + muddy brown casts dx

A

acute tubular necrosis

68
Q

tx sleep apnea prevents

A

pulm HTN, CVA, TIA, and MI

69
Q

oliohyramnios increase risk

A

C-section

70
Q

acute rheumatic fever tx

A

penicillin

71
Q

preservedHF on furesimide with hx of HTN tx

A

spironolactone

72
Q

cluster headache prophylaxis

A

verapamil

73
Q

pump handle action ribs

A

ribs 1-5

74
Q

SBO initial test

A

xray

75
Q

guillain-barre syndrome tx

A

plasmapheresis

76
Q

type of branch block? with bunny ears in V1 and V2

A

RBBB

77
Q

type of branch block, deep S in V1 and bunny ears in V6

A

LBBB

78
Q

healthy kid with random low calcium and seizures dx and other physical findings

A 
hereditary hypocalcemia (type 1a pseudohyoparathyroidism)
short metacrapal bones
79
Q

pt with cardiac hx and planned surgery med beforehand

A

beta blockers

80
Q

most effective birth control

A

iud

81
Q

parkland formula

A

% BSA x body weight kg x 4cc

82
Q

types of microvascular complications in DM

A

microalbuminuria

83
Q

hiccups omm tx

A

myofascial release diaphragm

84
Q

incontinence after hysterectomy tx

A

surgery

85
Q

pancreatic pseudocyts tx

A

observe and NPO

if doesn’t resolved endoscopic cystogastrostomy

86
Q

hypopigmented skin lesions, siezures, mental retardation dx

A

tuberous sclerosis

87
Q

hpeatic adenomas tx

A

surgery if symptomatic over 5cmm or don’t go away after OCP dc

88
Q

RBC missing central clearing dx
test
tx

A

hereditary spherocytosis
osmotic fragility test
splenectomy

89
Q

pemphigus vulgaris tx

A

oral prednisone

90
Q

hormone replacement therapy increase risk of CA

A

breast CA

91
Q

HA on OCP and 145/85 dx and tx

A

HTN

dc OCP

92
Q

irregular period first step

A

preg test

93
Q

Bence Jones proteins
IgM spike
engorged retinal veins
dx

A

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

94
Q

suspected scaphoid manage options

A

MRI

cast repeat xray 7-14 days

95
Q

elevated cortisol, lump on neck, chubby dx

A

cushings

96
Q

staghorn calculi tx

A

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

97
Q

rectal ca risk factor

A

smoking, HPV, anal sex

98
Q

progressive dmential and muscle jerks dx

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

99
Q

best test for kidney stone

A

ct

100
Q

giant cell arteritis ass sx

A

proximal muscle pain

101
Q

eat disorder regardless of method with body weight 85% less than expected

A

anorexia nervosa

102
Q

HTN in a young white person with no FHX of HTN,causes

A

secondary cause, likely renal artery stenosis

103
Q

inferior pubic shear treatment

A

flex and abduct hip while stabilzing contralateral ASIS, then push in

104
Q

humeral shaft damage structure and effect

A

radial nerve

wrist extension weakness and dorsal numbness

105
Q

pregnancy effects on cardiovascular

A

decrease systemic vascular resistance

increase volume, HR, CO, SV

106
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis tx

A

dapsone

107
Q

primary hyperaldosteronism tx

A

spironolactone

108
Q

allergic rhinitis, rash, asthma, P-ANCA

dz

A

churg-strauss

109
Q

chronic pain and decrease ROM in hip dz

A

avascular necrosis

110
Q

steroids for mom is less than

A

34 weeks

111
Q

sigmoid vovulus tx

A

sigmoidoscopy decompression

112
Q

tourette associated other dz

A

OCD

113
Q

lice tx

A

topical spinosad

114
Q

endometriosis tx

A

OCP and NSAIDS

115
Q

intermittent TIAs cause

A

carotid stenosis

116
Q

HTN urgency in young female cause

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

117
Q

SIADH tx

A

fluid restriction

118
Q

study comparing two things test

A

chi-square test

119
Q

poor wound healing cause in chron’s disease

A

steroid use

120
Q

amenorrhea cause not preg

A

hypothalmic (decrease GnRH)

121
Q

chronic productive cough, sob with hx lung infections dx and test

A

bronchiectasis

CT

122
Q

hyperglycemia, elevated glucagon, decrease amino acids dx

A

glucagonoma (made from alpha cells)

123
Q

leukemia in child most likley dx

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

124
Q

paralyzed and lack pain and temperature cord syndrome

A

anterior cord syndrome

125
Q

viral symptoms with oral ulcer dx

A

HIV

126
Q

decreased breast milk tx

A

refer to lactation
only after start metoclopramide
(bromo tx too much milk)

127
Q

Cushing sx next step

elevated cortisol and decrease ACTH

A

CT adrenal glands

steroid suppression if ACTH elevated

128
Q

HUS with diarrhea expected lab findings

A

elevated LDH and decreased haptoglobin

129
Q

kimmelstiel-wilson nodules on renal bx, what tx to slow dz

A

diabetic nephropathy

ACE inhibitors

130
Q

rare disease need for find best way to tx type of study

A

meta-analysis

131
Q

bipolar I vs II

A

I is true bipolar

II is hypomanic

132
Q

back pain after strenios activity dx and cause

A

herniated disc due to annulus fibrosus rupture

133
Q

hx of psoriais with suddedn generalized redness and burning, fever, chills, jt pain dx and tx

A

pustualr psoriais

oral retinoids, methotrexat, mofetil, cyclosporine, TNF inhibitors

134
Q

case series purpose

A

when exposure notknonow and needs to be found

135
Q

post op fever within three days

A

focus on symptoms and test accordingly

CT Abd after four days post op

136
Q

outside US goiter cause

A

iodine deficiiency

hypothyroidism

137
Q

newborn with sickle cell tx

A

BID penicillin prophylaxis
pneumonia vaccine after 2 years old
hydroxyurea for severe and symptomatic sickle cell

138
Q

type I error vs type II

A

type I rejected null hypothesis incorrectly

type II accept incorrect hypothesis

139
Q

ALS tx

A

riluzole

140
Q

cystic mass in scrotum that transilluminates dx

A

spermatocele (hydrocele is entire scrotum)

141
Q

newborn with holosystolic murmur with thrill

A

VSD (most common congenital heart)

142
Q

pruritus with elevated bile acids tx

A

cholestyramin or colestipol

143
Q

tricuspid regurg vs stenosis

A

stenosis low rumble
regurg blowing
both loader with inspiration

144
Q

t score vs z score

A

t score uses population estimates

145
Q

restlessness on antipsychotics tx

A

propranolol

146
Q

cleft lip newborn tx

A

special nipple feeding and repair at 3-6mo`

147
Q

looks like really bad tinea with drainage dx

A

kerion

148
Q

high cholesterol tx also has dm, heart disease, or extremly high levels

A

lifestyle and statin

149
Q

preg wt recs

A

25-35 lbs

150
Q

constrictive pericarditis tx

A

surgery

151
Q

osteoporosis screening age

A

65 yo

152
Q

shingles vaccine for age

A

50 and up

Comlex 3 (7 decks)

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