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SCEN > 9-11 ODDS > Flashcards

9-11 ODDS Flashcards

1
Q

Does the medium in which a wave travels move with the wave?

A

No; the propagation of energy travels, not the medium itself.

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2
Q

What effect does Earth’s magnetic field have on the intensity of cosmic rays striking Earth’s surface?

A

Earth’s magnetic field deflects many of the incoming cosmic rays, reducing the intensity of rays striking Earth’s surface.

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2
Q

How do the speed of a wave source and the speed of the waves themselves compare when a wave barrier is being produced? How do they compare when a bow wave is being produced?

A

The speed of the waves and the speed of the source are the same when a wave barrier is produced. Wave speed is greater when a bow is produced.

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2
Q

True or False: A sonic boom occurs only when an aircraft is breaking through the sound barrier.

A

False, because a sonic boom occurs for an aircraft moving faster than the speed of sound.

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2
Q

In what sense does the law of reflection hold for a diffuse reflector?

A

The law of reflection holds locally at each tiny part of the irregular surface, but not for the diffuse surface as a whole.

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3
Q

How are frequency and period related?

A

Frequency and period are inverses of each other.

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3
Q

What is the law of reflection for sound?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

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4
Q

Does sound travel faster in warm air or in cold air?

A

Sound travels faster in warm air because the air molecules in warm air themselves travel faster and therefore don’t take as long before they bump into one another. A shorter time for the molecules to bump against one another results in a faster speed of sound.

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5
Q

How is the strength of a magnetic field in a coil affected when a piece of iron is placed inside?

A

A piece of iron strengthens the electromagnet because the alignment of domains in the piece of iron adds to the overall field.

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6
Q

Distinguish between forced vibrations and resonance.

A

Forced vibrations occur when a surface is forced to vibrate. Resonance occurs when the forcing frequency matches the natural frequency of the surface.

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7
Q

How does the frequency of induced voltage compared with how frequently a magnet is plunged into and out of a coil of wire?

A

Both frequencies are the SAME.

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8
Q

Distinguish between constructive interference and destructive interference.

A

Constructive Interference- Increased wave amplitude

Destructive Interference- Reduced wave amplitude

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9
Q

What happens when:

The energy in infrared light is incident on glass?

A

The energy in infrared light becomes thermal energy.

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11
Q

What is the color of the peak frequency of solar radiation? To what color of light are our eyes most sensitive?

A

The peak frequency of sunlight is yellow-green, which is also the color that our eyes are most sensitive to.

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12
Q

How do dolphins perceive their environment in dark and murky water?

A

Dolphins emit ultrasound and then time its echoes.

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13
Q

What happens to the direction of the magnetic field about an electric current when the direction of the current is reversed?

A

The magnetic field reverses direction.

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13
Q

How does the speed of light that emerges from a pane of glass compare with the speed of light incident on the glass?

A

The incident and emerging speeds of light are the same.

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14
Q

What do we call two colors that add to produce white?

A

Two colors that add to produce white are called complementary colors.

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16
Q

Is polarization a property of transverse waves, longitudinal waves, or both?

A

Polarization is ONLY a property of TRANSVERSE waves.

17
Q

Which is induced by the rapid alternation of an electric field?

A

An alternating magnetic field is induced.

18
Q

Compared to the distance of an object in front of a plane mirror, how far behind the mirror is the image?

A

Image distance and object distance are the same.

19
Q

In what direction are the vibrations in a transverse wave, relative to the direction of wave travel? In a longitudinal wave?

A

Vibrations in a transverse wave are perpendicular to wave travel.Parallel to wave travel in longitudinal waves.

21
Q

What is the relationship between refraction and the speed of light?

A

The speed of light slows when the light is refracted in a medium.

23
Q

Why does the Sun look reddish at sunrise and sunset?

A

High frequency blue light is scattered all along the path of sunlight, at sunrise or sunset the path has much blue missing.

What remains is light of lower frequencies, which accounts for the reddish color of the Sun at these times.

24
Q

Why is iron magnetic and wood not magnetic?

A

Iron has magnetic domains; wood does not.

25
Q

In what way are magnetic poles very different from electric charges?

A

Magnetic poles cannot be isolated.

25
Q

What happens to the direction of the magnetic force on a wire in a magnetic field when the current in the wire is reversed?

A

When the current is reversed, the magnetic force acts in the opposite direction.

26
Q

In the Doppler effect, does frequency change?Does wavelength change? Does wave speed change?

A

Only frequency and wavelength change in the Doppler effect, NOT wave speed.

26
Q

In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is the resonant frequency of electrons in glass?

A

The resonant frequency of electrons in glass is in the ultraviolet region.

27
Q

What is the principal difference between a radio wave and light? What about between light and an X-ray?

A

The principal difference among radio, light, and X-rays is frequency.

29
Q

What is a mirage?

A

A mirage is a distorted view in which refracted light appears as if it is reflected light.

30
Q

Which of these does a transformer change: voltage, current, energy, power?

A

A transformer changes voltage and current.

32
Q

What physical phenomenon underlies beats?

A

Interference is the phenomenon underlying beats.

33
Q

What two kinds of motion are exhibited by electrons in an atom?

A

Electron Spin and Electron Revolution about the Nucleus.

34
Q

What is absorbed by water to give it a cyan color?

A

Infrared and red light are absorbed by water. Absorption of red produces the complementary color, cyan.

35
Q

Is it correct to say that an electric motor is a simple extension of the physics that underlies a galvanometer?

A

Yes; the difference is that the rotation in a motor continues, whereas in a galvanometer the deflection is momentary.

37
Q

What is the source of all waves?

A

The source of all waves is a vibrating object.

38
Q

Why do troops “break step” when crossing a bridge?

A

Troops “break step” in order to avoid marching in rhythm with the natural frequency of the bridge–to prevent resonance.

39
Q

How does the range of refrigerator magnets compare with the range of common bar magnets?

A

Refrigerator magnets are shorter range than common bar magnets.

40
Q

Relate wave speed and bending to the phenomenon of refraction.

A

Refraction occurs when parts of the wave fronts of sound travel at different speeds and produce bending in the direction of the waves.

41
Q

Will light pass through a pair of Polaroid filters when their air axes are aligned? What about…. When their axes are at right angles to each other?

A

Light will pass through filters when their axes are aligned, but NOT when their axes are at right angles to each other.

42
Q

What prevents rainbows from being seen as complete circles?

A

The ground gets in the way, cutting off the view of a whole circular rainbow.

43
Q

Is it correct to say that a generator produces energy?

A

No; a generator transforms energy from one form into another.

44
Q

State Faraday’s Law.

A

The induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the number of loops multiplied by the rate at which the magnetic field changes within those loops.

45
Q

Is the current produced by a common generator ac or dc?

A

The current is AC because the induced voltage is AC.

SCEN (6 decks)

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