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MSK - Final > 9/28 Deep Back And Suboccipital Triangle - Dennis (Completed) > Flashcards

9/28 Deep Back And Suboccipital Triangle - Dennis (Completed) Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What are the three longissimus muscles? 9

A

Longissimus Thoracic

Longissimus cervicis

Longissimus capitis

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2
Q

What are the spinalis group muscles? 10

A

Spinalis thoracis

Spinalis cervicis

Spinalis capitis

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3
Q

What is the deepest group of back muscles? 11

A

Transversospinalis group

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4
Q

What is the action of the Transversospinalis group? 11

A

Extends, rotates, and stabilizes segments of the spinal column

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5
Q

What groups are there for the semispinalis m.? What are the origins and insertions? 12

A

Semispinalis thoracis
O –> T6-T12 transverse process
I –> C6 - T4 spinous process

Semispinalis cervicis
O –> T1 - T6 transverse process
I –> C2 - C5 Spinous process

Semispinalis capitis
O –> C4 - T7 transverse process
I –> occipital bone

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6
Q

What is the action of the Rotatores muscle group? 14

A

Stabilize vertebrae

Assist with local extension

May have a role in proprioception

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7
Q

What muscles make up the minor deep layer? 15

A

Interspinales

Intertransversarii

Levatores costarum

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8
Q

What is the action of the interspinales? 15

A

Aids in extension of vertebral column

Rotation of the vertebral column

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9
Q

What is the action of the intertransversarii? 15

A

Aids in lateral flexion of vertebral column

Bilaterally stabilizes vertebral column

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10
Q

What is the action of the levatores costarum? 15

A

Elevates ribs

Assists w/ respiration

Assists w/ lateral flexion

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11
Q

What does the Cervical Ascending artery supply? 17

A

Deep muscles of the neck

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12
Q

What does the Cervical Deep artery supply? 17

A

Deep muscles of the posterior neck

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13
Q

What does the Costocervical Trunk artery supply? 17

A

deep muscles of the posterior neck

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14
Q

What does the Deep Cervical artery supply? 17

A

deep muscles of the posterior neck

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15
Q

What does the Lumbar artery supply? 17

A

Psoas major/minor

quadratus lumborum

spinal cord

vertebral column

deep back muscles

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16
Q

What does the Trunk, Costocervical artery supply? 17

A

Deep muscles of the posterior neck

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17
Q

What does the Trunk, Thyrocervical artery supply? 17

A

Lower neck

Posterior shoulder

Thyroid gland

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18
Q

What does the Vertebral artery supply? 17

A

Deep neck

Cervical spinal cord

Spinal cord

Medulla

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19
Q

Define back sprain? 18

A

Excessive extension or rotation

Injury to ligamentous tissue or attachment to bone

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20
Q

Define back strain? 18

A

Overly strong contraction

—> stretching/tearing of fibers (typically erector spinae)

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21
Q

What is the subregion? What is contained within the Suboccipital region? 19

A

a pyramidal space inferior to external occipital prominence

Posterior portion of C1 and C2

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22
Q

What are the characteristics of the Atlas? 20

A

C1 (has no body)

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of the Axis? 20

Study These Flashcards
A

C2

Allows for flexion/extension

Contains a Dens

24
Q

What is the joint between the atlas and axis? 20

Study These Flashcards
A

Lateral atlantoaxial joint

25
What muscles are found within the suboccipital triangle? 21
Rectus capitis posterior major m. Rectus capitis Posterior minor m. Obliquus capitis superior m. Obliquus capitis inferior m.
26
Of the suboccipital triangle, what is the only muscle that does not contact the occipital bone? 22
Obliquus capitis inferior m.
27
What muscles are involved with flexion of the head? 23
Longus capitis m. Anterior fibers of sternocleidomastoid m. Rectus capitis anterior m. Suprahyoid and infrahyoid m.
28
What muscles of the suboccipital triangle are involved in the extension of the head? 23
Obliquus capitis superior m. Rectus capitis posterior major m. Rectus capitis posterior minor m.
29
What muscles of the suboccipital triangle are used for lateral flexion of the head? 23
obliquus capitis superior m.
30
What muscles of the suboccipital triangle are involved in ipsilateral head rotation? 23
obliques capitis inferior m. rectus capitis posterior major m. rectus capitis posterior minor m.
31
What is the origin of the suboccipital nerve feeding the suboccipital triangle? What's its course? 24
origin --> posterior ramps of C1 runs through C1 and cranium before reaching the triangle
32
What nerve provides sensation over the skin of the neck and occipital bone? 25
Greater occipital n.
33
What artery branches from the subclavian artery up into the head? 26
The vertebral artery
34
How does the vertebral artery ascend into the head? 26
They move through the transverse foramina of C7 —> C2 Perforates the dura Passes through the foramen magnum Form the basilar arteries
35
Why are the cervical vertebrae more prone to dislocation? 27
Cervical vertebrae are less tightly locked
36
What would most commonly cause a fracture of the atlas (C1)? 28
A sudden forceful compression ex. Diving accident, roll-over car accident
37
What would most commonly cause a par interarticularis fracture of the axis (C2)? 29
Judicial hanging (hyperextension of the neck) Fracture of vertebral arch —> hangman’s fracture
38
What would most commonly cause a fracture of the dens of the axis (C2)? 30
Horizontal blows to the head
39
What is a type I Dens fracture? 30
Rare Fracture of upper dens (odontoid process)
40
What is a type II Dens fracture? 30
Most common, difficulty in healing Fracture at base of dens (odontoid process)
41
What is a type III dens fracture? 30
Best prognosis for healing Fracture through dens (odontoid process) and lateral portions of C2
42
What is a prime soft tissue example? 31
whiplash --> forward acceleration of head that then whips backwards
43
What motion could cause vertebral artery impingement? 32
movement at the atlantoaxial joint can cause this
44
What is a vertebral artery impingement? 32
Movement at atlantoaxial joint (C1/C2) causes blocking/impingement of vertebral artery
45
What is Occipital Neuralgia? 33
Irritation of the greater occipital and lesser occipital nerves Pain felt to back of head and jaw
46
What do we call the superficial/extrinsic muscles? 3
hypaxial (hypomere) - ventral rami
47
What do we call the deep/intrinsic muscles? 3
Epaxial (epimere) - dorsal rami
48
What type of muscle is serratus posterior inferior/superior
extrinsic - hypaxial - hypomere - ventral rami
49
Where does the Splenius capitis m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 6
Erector Spinae group O --> C3 - T3 I --> Occipital and temporal bone N --> dorsal rami C3 Action: Unilateral - ipsilateral rotation, sidebending bilateral - head extension
50
Where does the Splenius cervicis m. originate from and insert into? What innervates it? What is its action? 6
Erector Spinae group O --> T3 - T6 I --> Atlas (C1), Axis (C2) N --> Dorsal Rami C6 Action: Unilateral - ipsilateral rotation, sidebending bilateral - head extension
51
What does ILS stand for?
I Love Spine (Lateral --> medial) Iliocostalis m. Longissimus m. Spinalis m.
52
What groups are there for the Iliocostalis m.? 8
lumborum thoracis cervicis
53
What innervates the semispinalis m.?
posterior rami
54
What innervates the multifidus m.?
Posterior rami
55
What innervates the rotatores m.?
posterior rami
56
What nerve allows for sensation over the superolateral neck and scalp? 25
lesser occipital n.

MSK - Final (23 decks)

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