9) Anèvrismes Flashcards

(26 cards)

1
Q

Anèvrisme Périphérique le plus commune

A

Anèvrisme Poplitée
= 70% des Anèvrismes Périphériques (= Anèvrismes Non-aortiques)

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2
Q

Most common arterial Aneurysm

A
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3
Q

Anèvrisme Thoraco-abdominal =

A
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4
Q

Which Aneurysm does not occur in an isolated form?

A
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5
Q

Forms of Aortic Aneursyms (selon Frequency):

A
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6
Q

Difference Sx not-ruptured vs. ruptured Aneurysm

A
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7
Q

Tx AAA

A
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8
Q

Faux Anèvrisme / Pseudoaneurysm =

A

Solution de Continuité (Unterbrechung) de l’Intima & Media entrainant la formation de un Hématome contenu par l’Adventice

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9
Q

DD
Faux Anèvrisme (Pseudoaneurysm)
vs.
Dissection Artérielle

A

Dissection artérielle =
Tear (Déchirure) in the Intima (= “entry”)
→ Blood enters the Media of and forms a false lumen in the intima-media space
→ Hematoma forms btw Intima & Media

Consequences:
1. Rising pressure within the arterial wall → Rupture
2. Sténose/Occlusion of branching vessels (e.g., coronary arteries, arteries supplying the brain, renal arteries, arteries supplying the lower limbs) → Ischemia in the affected areas
A second intimal tear may result in a “reentry” into the primary aortic lumen

Pseudoaneurysm = Solution de Continuité (Unterbrechung) de l’Intima & Media entrainant la formation de un Hématome contenu par l’Adventice

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10
Q

AAA Def.

A

Abdominal Aorta
>30 mm (f)
>35 mm (m)

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11
Q

Anèvrysme Pathophys

A

Inflammation -> Proteolyse -> Loss of Elastic fibers => Loss of structural integrity in wall / Paroi s’ammincit

Mechanical Stress -> Dilation (Laplace)

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12
Q

Évolution Anèvrysme

A

Diam. augm. 2-3 mm/an

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13
Q

Rupture probable si:

A

Diamètre >60 mm (14% Risque)
Augm. >5 mm/6 mois (>10 mm/ an)

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13
Q

Complications Anèvrysme

A
  • Fissuration
  • Rupture
  • Compression d. Structures avoisinantes
  • Embolisation = Migration des Emboles => Ischémie d. Membres inf.
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14
Q

Dépistage AAA

A

-> Echo:
Fumeurs & Ex-Fumeurs: 65-75 y
Hist. familiale AAA: 50-75 y

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15
Q

Anèvrisme Thoracique + Thoraco-abdominal -> Tx Indications:

A
  • symptom.
  • asympt:
  • Aorte ascendante >55 mm
  • Aorte descend. thorac. + Aorte abdom. sus-rénale: >60 mm
    / <60 mm si Path. Tissu élast.
16
Q

Sx Anèvrisme Thoracique + Thoraco-abdominal

A

rarement symptomatique:
- D+ dorsales
- Compression -> Toux, Dyspnée, Atélectasie, Bronchopneumonie, Dysphag.
- Fissuration ou Rupture:
Hémothorax, Hémoptysie, Hématemesis, Shock

17
Q

Anèvrisme Iliaque: Tx Indication

A

Anèvrisme sympt.
& Anèvr. asympt. >4cm

18
Q

Sx Rupture Anèvrisme Iliaque

A

Hématome retro-péritoneal

19
Q

Sx Anèvrisme des Artères viscerales Rupture

A
  • Hémoperitoine
  • Hémorragie digestive
  • Hémobilie
20
Q

Anèvrisme d. Artères viscerales -> wo?

A

A. Splénique +++

A. Hépatique, Tronc Coeliaque, A. Mésentérique Super.

A. Rénales

21
Q

Tx Anèvrisme d. Artères viscerales

A

A. Splénique => Embolisation percutanée

andere: Chir. / Endovasc.

22
Q

Anèvrisme Fémoral: Causes

A
  • Athérosclerose
  • Pseudoanèvrisme -> Iatrogène: post-Ponction artérielle
23
Q

Anèvrisme Poplitées: Sx

A

plus souvent Sx related to Embolisation / Thrombose => Ischémie aigue

24
Tx Anèvrisme Poplitées: Indications
- sympt. - asympt. >2 cm (>20 mm)
25
Mortalité péri-opératoire d'une cure chirurgicale classique d'un anévrisme de l'aorte abdominale
4%