Brain Bee Chapter 5 - Jacey

Question 1

what does Ruffini’s ending sense?

Answer 1

slowly changing pressure

Question 2

Merkel’s Disk senses…

Answer 2

sustained pressure

Question 3

what does Meissner’s corpuscle sense?

Answer 3

vibration/flutter

Question 4

Pain serves to inform and to warn us of ________ to

our bodies.

Answer 4

damage

Question 5

true or false: Pain serves to inform and to warn us of damage to our bodies

Answer 5

true

Question 6

what do Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles, Merkel’s disks and Ruffini have in common?

Answer 6

they all have ion channels

Question 7

pacinian corpuscles have ____ ______ receptor fields than Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 7

much larger

Question 8

other receptors ensure that you can feel things ____ your ______ ____

Answer 8

over your entire body

Question 9

when a stimulus is detected, the receptors send impulses along the _______ ______

Answer 9

sensory nerves

Question 10

true or false? The axons connecting touch receptors to the spinal cord are large myelinated fibres that convey information from the periphery towards the cerebral cortex extremely rapidly.

Answer 10

true

Question 11

what are cold, warmth and pain or detected by?

Answer 11

thin axons with “naked” endings

Question 12

true or false? Temperature

receptors also show adaptation.

Answer 12

true

Question 13

where is the somatosensory cortex located?

Answer 13

post central gyrus

Question 14

true or false: The input from the body is not systematically “mapped” across the somatosensory cortex to form a representation of the
body surface.

Answer 14

false

Question 15

what is the sensory homunculus?

Answer 15

the map of the body, according to the brain

Question 16

The ability to perceive fine detail varies greatly across

different parts of the body and is most highly developed in _________ and ___.

Answer 16

fingertips and lips

Question 17

skin is sensitive enough to measure a dot that is less than ___ of a millimetre high - like braille

Answer 17

1/100

Question 18

is touch just a passive sense that responds only to what it recieves?

Answer 18

yes!

Question 19

what do the neurons in the motor cortex control?

Answer 19

muscles in arms and moves fingers

Question 20

Does cross-talk between sensory and motor systems begins at the first relays in the spinal cord, including proprioceptive feedback on to motor neurons, and it continues on all levels of the somatosensory system.

Answer 20

yep :>

Question 21

Are the primary sensory and motor cortices beside each other in the brain?

Answer 21

yesh

Question 22

what is crucial for sense of touch?

Answer 22

active exploration

Question 23

cortical plasticity is revealed by _______

Answer 23

brain plasticity

Question 24

what is pain often classed with?

Answer 24

touch

Question 25

recordings from singel sensory fibres in animals reveal that…

Answer 25

responses to stimuli can cause or threaten tissue damage

Question 26

definition of nociceptor

Answer 26

pain receptor cell

Question 27

name two classes of peripheral afferent fibres:

Answer 27

fast myelinated fibres and slow non-myelinated fibres

Question 28

what are the fast, myelinated fibres called?

Answer 28

Αδ fibres (pronounced as A-Delta)

Question 29

what are the slow, non-myelinated fibres called?

Answer 29

C fibres.

Question 30

A second pathway projects to different areas than the somatosensory cortex includes:

Answer 30

anterior cingulate cortex and the insular cortex

Question 31

we might think a life without pain is great, but not so. give one example of this:

Answer 31

Action potentials in nociceptive nerves entering the
spinal cord initiates automatic protective reflexes, such as the withdrawal reflex – you can’t sense this anymore ig but idek

Question 32

name a key function of pain:

Answer 32

inhibition

Question 33

The first such modulatory mechanism to be discovered was the release of _______:

Answer 33

endogenous analgesics.

Question 34

A number of chemical transmitters are involved including endogenous opioids such as ________.

Answer 34

met-enkaphalin.

Question 35

what is the phenomenon of enhanced pain called?

Answer 35

hyperalgesia.