Susie Chapter 5

Question 1

this two types of receptors adapt quickly and so respond best to rapidly changing indentations (sense of vibration and flutter).

Answer 1

Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles

Question 2

this type of receptor responds well to a sustained indentation of the skin (sense of pressure).

Answer 2

merkel’s disk

Question 3

this type of receptor respond to slowly changing indentations. (intermediate)

Answer 3

Ruffini endings

Question 4

this is the area of skin over which each individual receptor responds

Answer 4

receptive field

Question 5

once a receptive field detects a stimulus, the receptors in turn send impulses along the sensory nerves that enter which part of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

dorsal roots

Question 6

true or false.

the axons connecting touch receptors to the spinal cord are myelinated.

Answer 6

true

Question 7

this type of endings detect cold, warmth, and pain, and transmit them slowly.

Answer 7

free nerve endings

Question 8

before entering into the somatosensory cortex, the two relay stations are located in…

Answer 8

medulla and thalamus

Question 9

the image of a person drawn across the surface of the somatosensory cortex in proportion to the number of receptors, the distorted ‘map’ of the body is called…

Answer 9

homunculus

Question 10

the term that describes the map of the body in the somatosensory area can vary with experience is called…
ex. string players have enlarged cortical representation of the finger of the left hand.

Answer 10

cortical plasticity

Question 11

a relatively fast myelinated peripheral afferent fibres that deals with the localisation of pain is called…

Answer 11

AΔ fibres

Question 12

a very fine, slow, non-myelinated peripheral afferent fibres that is responsible for the emotional aspect of pain is called…

Answer 12

C fibres

Question 13

the pathway that starts from a region of the spinal cord up to several areas in the brainstem and cortex including anterior cingulate and the insular is called

Answer 13

ascending pathway

Question 14

this pathway modulates nociceptive input.

Answer 14

descending pain pathway

Question 15

this is a modulatory mechanism released under conditions of likely injury, such as soldiers in battle, pain sensation is suppressed to a degree.

Answer 15

endogenous analgesics

Question 16

the action of discriminating fine differences in texture, such as between different fabrics or grades of sandpaper is called…

Answer 16

active exploration

Question 17

Nerves in parts of your spinal cord and brain “rewire” when they lose signals from the missing arm or leg. As a result, they send pain signals, a typical response when your body senses something is wrong. this is called…

Answer 17

phantom pain

Question 18

these 2 areas in the pathway detect the unpleasant feeling of pain.

Answer 18

anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex

Question 19

this area is activated when there are changes in experienced pain intensity.

Answer 19

somatosensory cortex

Question 20

traditional chinese medicine that uses a procedure (needles inserted into the skin at the meridians area, and are rotated by the person treating the patient) for the relief of pain is called…

Answer 20

acupuncture

Question 21

this phenomenon is a lowering of the pain threshold, an increase in the intensity of pain, and sometimes both a broadening of the area over which pain is felt or even pain in the absence of noxious stimulation.

Answer 21

hyperalgesia

Question 22

where is the somatosensory cortex found?

Answer 22

post central gyrus (most anterior part of parietal lobe)

Question 23

name an endorphin that acts on the same receptors as morphine.

Answer 23

met-enkephalin

Question 24

which 2 parts of the brain contain a representation of the body called a homunculus?

Answer 24

sensory cortex, motor cortex

Question 25

name the two types of endorphins that may be released by acupuncture.

Answer 25

met-enkephalin, dynorphins