Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Brain Bee > Susie Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Susie Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

this is a set of instructions for making an organ of the body

A

genome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the first step in brain development is …

A

cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when individual cells stop dividing and take on specific characteristics (signals from different areas of neural tube turn on/off genes in different cells) -such as those of neurons or glial cells, this orders things spatially. this process is called…

A

cell differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

different kinds of neurons migrate to various locations is called…

A

pattern formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

this is formed by small patch of cells, the front is destined to form the brain, the rear to be the spinal cord. occurs during the 3rd week of human gestation.

A

neural plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

failure closure at the head end can result in the complete absence of an organised brain, a condition known as …

A

anencephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

failure of neural tube closing at the lower spinal cord results in…

A

spina bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

embryo sets up a number of localised __ regions in the neural tube that secrete signal molecules

A

polarizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the molecule diffuses away from its source to form a __ of concentration with distance.

A

gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

higher concentration of sonic hedgehog induces the expression of a gene that makes what type of neuron?

A

interneurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lower concentration of sonic hedgehog induces expression of a gene that makes what type of neurons?

A

motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

once a neuron stops dividing, it extends its axon with an enlarged tip (specialized for moving through tissue, suing its skills to select a favourable path) known as…

A

growth cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this the cell of the body with the potential to change into all sorts of different kinds of other cells

A

stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

guidance cues from distance: chemorepulsion is called…

A

semaphorins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

guidance cues from distance: chemoattraction is called…

A

netrins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

guidance cue for contact attraction is called…

A

cadherins

17
Q

guidance cue for contact repulsion is called…

A

ephrins

18
Q

endoderm is the first layer of embryo, it is responsible for which area （1）of the body?

A

organs

19
Q

mesoderm is the second layer of embryo, it is responsible for which areas （3）of the body?

A

muscles, bones, connected tissue

20
Q

ectoderm is the third layer of embryo, it is responsible for which areas (2) of the body?

A

nervous system, skin

21
Q

oocyte+sperm cell=zygote (name this process)

A

fertilization

22
Q

zygote → blastula (name this process)

A

cleavage

23
Q

blastula → three-layered embryo (name this process)

A

gastrulation

24
Q

three-layered embryo → three-layered embryo with neural tube (name this process)

A

neurulation

25
Q

what releases sonic hedgehog and directs process to happen?

A

notochord

26
Q

neurulation occurs on the __ week after fertilization.

A

3rd

27
Q

gastrulation occurs on the __ week after fertilization.

A

2nd

28
Q

true or false

neural development occurs from fertilization to neurulation

A

false.

it occurs throughout lifetime.

29
Q

during which stage does cells of the blastyla rearrange themselves into three layers?

A

gastrulation

30
Q

on which stage does the process of differentiation happen?

A

gastrulation

31
Q

what is formed when the neural plate invaginates (fold in)?

A

neural tube

32
Q

how many genes are there in the human genome?

A

40,000

33
Q

true or false

fruit flies can be used to study human neuro-development because we share many of the same genes.

A

true

34
Q

what do we call the window of time when sensory stimulation is required for neurons to develop properly? (initial exuberant set of connections is sculpted during this period.)

A

critical period

Brain Bee (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions