Cytosis Flashcards
main cause of erythrocytosis/polycythemia
1- secondary ES due to Epo increase
2- primary ES with no Epo increase
define cytosis
an increase in # of peripheral blood circulating cells
parameters of erythrocytosis
Hb>17g/dL
Hematocrit>50% increase
hematocrit is
is the % of RBC in the blood, or how much space in blood is taken up by RBC
4 conditions relating to absolute ES
- hypoxia (^Epo)
- renal disease (Epo dependant ES)
- poycythmia vera (Epo independant ES)
- familial ES phenotype
myeloproliferative neoplasms include what 3 clinical conditions
- polycythemia vera
- essential thrombocytosis (thrombocythemia)
- primary myelocytosis with chronic myeloid leukemia (myelofibrosis)
mutations involved in PVR
1- TET mutation
2- JAK2 GoF mutation that encourages production of RBC
mutations involved in PCV
1- TET mutation
2- JAK2 GoF mutation that encourages production of RBC
Treatments for mild/high risk of thrombosis in PCV
Cardio aspirin
- cardio aspirin and hydroxyurea
Mutation in essential thrombocythemia
50% have JAK2
40% have CALR or MPL
iron deficiency anemia causes thrombocytosis how
it stimulates IL6 (an inflammatory cytokine) to increase Bone marrow megakaryocytes to increase platelet production
MDS with 5q syndrome signs
where anemia is present with increases platelet level
myelofibrosis is
Myeloproliferative disorder. Is a clonal hematological malignancy affecting hematopoietic progenitor cells. You have 3 major events: fibrosis in bone marrow, splenomegaly caused by myeloid metaplasia (when fibrosis is present in bm, some hematopoietic progenitors start to circulate in peripheral blood searching of other places to proliferate, and in many cases it goes to the spleen.). patients has thrombocytosis, leukocytosis and anemia
- note the dacrocytes present
- treat with ruxolitinib
