Multi-Store Model of Memory - Atkinson and Shiffrin Flashcards
What is memory?
processing, storage and retrieval of information gathered through learning
What is encoding?
process where info in converted into a form where it can be stored in memory
What is storage?
keeping information in the brain so we can use it for later on
- retention of information over time
What is retrieval?
process of getting info back from memory so we can use it
What is the Atikson and Shiffrin model?
describes the three stores of memory
- proposes that memory consists of 3 different stores
- LTM, STM and Sensory memory
What is sensory memory?
is the entry point for memory where sensory info is stored for a brief period of time
What are the 2 elements of sensory memory?
Echoic and Iconic Memory
What is iconic memory?
incoming visual sensory information = 0.2 - 0.4 secs
What is echoic memory?
incoming auditory sensory information = 3-4 seconds
What happens when you attend to info in sensory memory? And what occurs when you ignore it?
attend to it = transferred over to short term memory
ignore it = lost very quickly
What is short term memory?
a part of memory when information is stored for a short period of time
- allows us to retain info for long enough to use it
What is the duration of short term memory?
12-30 seconds
What is the capacity of short term memory?
7±2
5-9 items
What are the two types of rehearsal and what part of memory do they belong to?
Maintenance rehearsal = STM
Elaborative rehearsal = LTM
What is maintenance rehearsal?
repetition of info in order to keep it in short term memory for longer
