JVD 2011 #4 - Abstracts Flashcards
According to Pérez-Salcedo L, Herrera D, Esteban-Saltiveri D, et al.
in Comparison of two sampling methods for microbiological evaluation of periodontal disease in cats. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;149(3-4):500-503.
What was performed in this study?
this was a comparison of bacterial isolates obtained when cotton swabs were rolled over the teeth/gums versus using paper points to get samples from the sulcus
According to Pérez-Salcedo L, Herrera D, Esteban-Saltiveri D, et al.
in Comparison of two sampling methods for microbiological evaluation of periodontal disease in cats. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;149(3-4):500-503.
What differences were found between the 2 methods?
more bacteria and more anaerobes isolated when using a paper point to sample the sulcus than rolling a cotton swab over the teeth and gingiva.
According to Riggio MP, Lennon A, Taylor DJ, Bennett D.
in Molecular identification of bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;150(3-4):394-400.
What was unique about this study at the time?
First study to use culture independent methodology in dogs
According to Riggio MP, Lennon A, Taylor DJ, Bennett D.
in Molecular identification of bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;150(3-4):394-400.
What were the predominant culture results and PCR results in healthy dogs?
Culture - uncultured bacterium, PCR - pseudomonas spp.
According to Riggio MP, Lennon A, Taylor DJ, Bennett D.
in Molecular identification of bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;150(3-4):394-400.
What were the predominant culture results and PCR results in dogs with gingivitis?
Culture - Bacteroides, Pasteurella; PCR - Porphyromonas cangingivalis
According to Riggio MP, Lennon A, Taylor DJ, Bennett D.
in Molecular identification of bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;150(3-4):394-400.
What were the predominant culture results and PCR results in dogs with periodontitis?
Culture - Actinomyces canis PCR - Desulfomicrobium orale
According to Riggio MP, Lennon A, Taylor DJ, Bennett D.
in Molecular identification of bacteria associated with canine periodontal disease. Veterinary Microbiology. 2011;150(3-4):394-400.
What proportion of potentially novel clones were detected in each group?
novel species account for 38.2%, 38.3% and 35.3%, of clones in the normal, gingivitis and
periodontitis groups, respectively
According to Belgard S, Truyen U, Thibault JC, et al.
in
Relevance of feline calicivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, feline herpesvirus and Bartonella henselae in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis.
What was the only agent that was significantly more common in FCGS cats than controls?
Feline Calicivirus
According to Belgard S, Truyen U, Thibault JC, et al.
in
Relevance of feline calicivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, feline herpesvirus and Bartonella henselae in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis.
How common was FCV RNA and antibodies in FCGS cast and controls?
FCV RNA in 53.8% of affected cats and 14% in controls
a significant difference was also found in the prevalence of antibodies to FCV between the cats with chronic gingivostomatitis 78.8%, vs controls (58.0%).
According to Corbee RJ, Booij‐Vrieling HE, Van De Lest CHA, et al.
in
Inflammation and wound healing in cats with chronic gingivitis/stomatitis after extraction of all premolars and molars were not affected by feeding of two diets with different omega‐6/omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2012;96(4):671-680.
What effect did altered omega3:omega6 ratios have on the healing and degree of inflammation in FCGS cats treated surgically?
Nothing!!!!
According to Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
in
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was a major problem with the control group used?
used a historical control group
According to Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
in
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was the methodology?
58 dogs diagnosed with stage II or III oral malignant melanoma
4 injection series of human tyrosinase vaccine, then boostered q 6 months
monitored for adverse reactions and survival times
According to Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
in
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What is tyrosinase?
Tyrosinase is a melanoma differentiation antigen (essential to melanin synthesis)
According to Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
in
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was the MST for historical controls?
What was the MST for vaccinated animals?
Controls - 324 days
MST not reached for vaccinated animals
According to Grosenbaugh DA, Leard AT, Bergman PJ, et al.
in
Safety and efficacy of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine encoding for human tyrosinase as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma in dogs following surgical excision of the primary tumor. American journal of veterinary research. 2011;72(12):1631.
What was the 25th percentile survival time for controls and vaccinated animals?
controls - 156 days
Vaccinated animals 464 days
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
Is this a maxillary or mandibular tooth and which number?
Number the pulp horns.
Mandibular 06
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
This tooth is an 09. is it maxillary or mandibular? How do you know? number the pulp horns
mandibular. No infundibulae, no cingulae.
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
This is a mandibular 11. How many pulp horns are there?
Number them.
6 pulp horns (no horn 6, skip 5 to 7)
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
This tooth is an 06. is it maxillary or mandibular? Number the pulp horns
Maxillary - has infundibulae and has cingulae
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
This is a maxillary 09. What are the two unlabelled black spots in the centre of the tooth? what disease process occurs here?
number the pulp horns
black spots are centre of infundibulae, where arteries supply cementum with blood during development. Infundibular caries can occur here
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
Is this a maxillary or mandibular tooth? What number?
Number the pulp horns
maxillary 11. you can tell because there are 7 pulp horns, and no other tooth has that. number goes up to 8, but there is no 6 (only on 06’s is there a 6)
According to Marshall R, Shaw DJ, Dixon PM.
in
A study of sub-occlusal secondary dentine thickness in overgrown equine cheek teeth. The Veterinary Journal. 2012;193(1):53-57.
Here is the pulp horn numbering system:
Here it is again!
Here are some tricks -
- mandibular teeth have a single continuously running line of enamel with no infundibulae
- Maxillary teeth have 2 infundibulae each, which are additional ‘irregular loops’ of enamel in the middle of the tooth, usually pictured with a little black spot in the middle (this is not a pulp horn.)
- We usually number the buccal pulp horns first, from front to back (1 and 2) Then the palatal/labial horns, also front to back. on mandibular teeth, 3, 4, 5 are in a line, front to back. On maxillary teeth, horn 5 is the palatal-most (between 3 and 4)
- only 06’s have a horn 6, it is at the ‘rostral most point of the tooth’
- maxillary 11’s have 2 small pulp horns at the very back, 7 and 8 (they have no 6) for a total of 7 pulp horns
mandibular 11’s have a horn 7 at the very back, for a total of 6 pulp horns (again no 6)
My best bet: Memorize the basic pattern for a maxillary and mandibular 09. for all 06’s add a pulp horn 6 at the most mesial extent. For a maxillary 11, add a 7 bucally and an 8 palatally For mandibular 11’s add a 7 at the most distal extent.
Sigh.
