unit 2 lesson 2

Question 1

machine code

Answer 1

Machine code uses numbers to represent binary strings, making instructions much shorter and giving the programmer the ability to reference specific locations in the computer’s memory.

Question 2

assembly language

Answer 2

Assembly language goes one step further and uses short letters or words to represent machine code instructions, and in turn binary code.

Question 3

Translators

Answer 3

Special programs that translate computer programs into machine code are called translators. There are two main types of translator programs, compilers and interpreters.

Question 4

Compilers

Answer 4

Compilers read an entire program in a programming language and produce the complete set of machine instructions for that program, known as the executable program, to be saved and run later.

Question 5

Interpreters

Answer 5

Interpreters read small portions of a program at a time, translate them to machine instructions, and execute these instructions immediately.

Question 6

System Programs

Answer 6

The compiler or interpreter is an important example of a special type of program known as a system program. System programs help coders and other computer users to do their job.

Question 7

operating system

Answer 7

as it makes all the other software and hardware work well together. We’ll learn more about all of these a little later in the course.

Question 8

3GL

Answer 8

Today, there are five generations of computer programming languages. First- and second-generation languages are called low-level languages because you still have to know the technical details of the hardware and detailed codes in order to write them. Third-, fourth-, and fifth-generation languages are called high-level languages as they let you write computer code using more natural speech.