DIGESTION and dissorders Flashcards
what are all parts of the digestive systems
mouth, esophagus, stomach, gall bladder, pancreas. liver, small intestine, colon, anus
what is salivary amylase?
it is the thing that breaks down foods into simple sugars (disacarricdes)
how does swallowing work
the esophagus pushed the food down through wave-like contractions called peristalsis into the esophageal sphincter.
what does the esophageal sphincter do?
this helps so that any acidic contents stay in the stomach
how doe sthe stomach work
its main function is to store and churn and mix food. the acid in stomach helps breaking down and turn it into chyme which is a thick liquid. next it goes down to the phyloric spincter
what happens when trhere is no food
the steps
- gastric acid is made until food is present
- stomach cells secrete mucus so the gastric juice don’t destroy the stomach.
- it makes a digestive protein pepsin in a inactive state until HCL is present
howdoes absorbtion work in the small intestine
part of it is segmenation which is when the chyme sloshes agansit the sides of circle muscle make contact, the main function this part is to the macromolecules where they needed to be
reagions and stuctre of the small intestine
one part is the duodenum which is the shorest and widest part, the jejunum and ileum these parts have more folds and ileum which is the absorb any nutrients left
what are villi and microvilli
they are the smooth bumps in the small intestine that help with absorption
what roles does the pancreas play
the pancreas brings pancreatic fiuld to the duodenum this fuild includes ensymes such as trypsin and chymotrypsin which help with digestion and pancreatic amylase which makes carbs that help digest starch and finally lipase which digest fats
what does the liver do
it prosses blood and breaks down and balenses nutrainst
what does the gall baldder do
it stores the bile until next time
what do the coiln do
it absorbds the last of the water and some nutrients before the chyme aka food leaves
what is the role of HCL in the stomach
the actvation of enzyme pepsin also breaking up food but not peptide bonds and kills unwanted bacteria
what does the small intestine absorb
all the things lactose enymes in the pancreas help breakdown to absorb those enzymes the small intestine and stomach make and break down most food
