Atomic structure

Question 1

What are the Orbitals?

Answer 1

S,P,D,F

Question 2

Give the arrangement of Sublevels

Answer 2

1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p6,etc

Question 3

what is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 3

1/1836

Question 4

Define relative atomic mass

Answer 4

The average mass of an element relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Question 5

What is ionisation?

Answer 5

The process of removing electrons from atoms to form ions.

Question 6

What is meant by first ionisation energy?

Answer 6

The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of unipositive ions.

Question 7

What affects the ionisation energy?

Answer 7

Distance from the nucleus
Nuclear charge
Repulsion between paired electrons
Shielding (number of main energy levels)

Question 8

What is the cause of the big jumps in ionisation energies?

Answer 8

Changes between the main energy levels.

Question 9

What is a time of flight mass spectrometer?

Answer 9

A device that measures the abundance of isotopes in a certain sample.

Question 10

Why is a vacuum needed in time of flight mass spectrometry?

Answer 10

To prevent the interference of foreign particles

Question 11

How are ions in the sample told apart?

Answer 11

As they are all given the same kinetic energy, rearranging KE=0.5xmxv^2, you can find the mass of the isotopes/ions/elements.