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VetPrep Practice Questions > Endocrine Review > Flashcards

Endocrine Review Flashcards

1
Q

Most common endocrinopathy of older cats

A

HyperT

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2
Q

Young-mid age FEMALE dogs most often affected

A

Hypoadrenocorticism

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3
Q

Addison’s

A

Hypoadrenocorticism

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4
Q

Occurs in middle aged med/lg breed dogs

A

HypoT

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5
Q

Occurs in mid-older (avg 12yo) dogs and rarely in cats

A

Hyperadrenocorticism

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6
Q

Cushing’s

A

Hyperadrenocorticism

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7
Q

Most commonly diagnosed in 7-10yo dogs but also common in cats

A

Hyperglycemia

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8
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Hyperglycemia

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9
Q

Clinical signs of this imbalance are only seen when severe

A

HypoCa

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10
Q

Causes PU/PD, inappetance and V/D, and dystrophic mineralization

A

HyperCa

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11
Q

Idiopathic form of this disease is rare but occurs mostly in small breed female dogs

A

Primary hypoCa

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of hypoCa?

A

Iatrogenic (post-thyroidectomy)

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13
Q

Puerperal tetany aka milk fever occurs more often in what breed of dogs?

A

Small breeds

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14
Q

How does the body respond to a minor decrease in Ca?

A

Increases PTH

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15
Q

How does the body respond to a major drop in Ca?

A

Increases PTH and Vit D3

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16
Q

What are the only diseases that cause hypoCa severe enough for clinical signs?

A

Eclampsia and hypoPTH

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17
Q

How can you ddx eclampsia from hypoPTH?

A

Phosphorus will be increased w/hypoPTH

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18
Q

How is an ECG affected by hypoCa?

A

Deep, wide T-waves

Prolonged Q-T and S-T intervals

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19
Q

How do you treat hypoCa?

A

IV Ca gluconate

20
Q

How can you treat hyperCa?

A

Saline duresis, furosemide, calcitonin

21
Q

What are the main systems of the body affected by hypoT?

A

Weight, attitude, skin and coat

22
Q

Rough, thin coat, rat tail, seborrhea

A

HypoT

23
Q

What endocrine disease causes myxedema?

A

HypoT

24
Q

Deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis

A

Myxedema

25
Q

Scraggly, unkempt coat, weight loss, thyroid slip, PU/PD, GI signs, tachycardia, loss of facial muscle mass

A

HyperT

26
Q

What is the most common cause of hyperT?

A

Functional tumor (adenoma)

27
Q

What is the most common cause of hypoT?

A

Thyroid disease (idiopathic or lymphocytic thyroiditis)

28
Q

2* hypoT is caused by a disease in the _____

A

Pituitary

29
Q

Waxing/waning signs of ADR, dehydration, possible bradycardia

A

Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)

30
Q

Lack of cortisol/things that control mineralocotricoids

A

Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)

31
Q

What is atypical hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)?

A

Pituitary lesion that decreases ACTH

32
Q

How can a dog develop iatrogenic hypoadrenocortism (Addison’s)?

A

Abrupt discontinuation of steroids w/o time for atrophied adrenal glands to respond

33
Q

What is the precursor of aldosterone and cortisol (and androgens)?

A

Cholestrol

34
Q

How will hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s) affect and ECG?

A

Bradycardia w/absent P-wave and spiked T-wave

35
Q

What biochemistry panel is most commonly elevated in cats with hyperT?

A

ALT

36
Q

What biochemistry parameters allow you to make a presumptive hypoT dx?

A

Low T4 + high TSH

37
Q

How do you test for hyperT?

A

T4 or fT4 eqd

38
Q

How do you treat hypoT?

A

Levothyroxine, Soloxine or Leventa

39
Q

Why are hyperT cats more prone to UTI?

A

Dilute urine promotes bacterial growth

40
Q

What % of thyroid tumors are bilateral?

A

70%

41
Q

How do you treat hyperT?

A

30d methimazole + I-131

42
Q

Will you see a stress leukogram with hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)? Why or why not?

A

No b/c no cortisol to cause it

43
Q

Azotemia, hypoNa, and hyperK can indicate what endocrine disaease?

A

Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)

44
Q

How do you treat hypoadrenocorticism?

A

Dexmethasone, fluids, maintenance steroids

45
Q

Patients with atypical Addison’s only require which steroid supplementation?

A

Glucocorticoids

46
Q

What fluid therapy is used to restore blood volume and treat hyperK associated with hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)?

A

NaCl + Ca gluconate/dextrose

47
Q

What will an ACTH stim test result be in an animal with hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)?

A

Flat line

VetPrep Practice Questions (47 decks)

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