Research methods : Types Of Experiment

Question 1

What is a laboratory experiment ?

Answer 1

An experiment that takes place in a controlled environment within which the researcher manipulates the IV and records the effect on the DV. Whilst maintaining strict control of extraneous variables

Question 2

What is a field experiment ?

Answer 2

An experiment that takes place in a natural setting within which the researcher manipulates the IV and records the effect of the DV

Question 3

What is a natural experiment ?

Answer 3

An experiment where the change in the IV is not brought about by the researcher but would have happened even if the researcher had not been there. The researcher records the effect on the dv

Question 4

Quasi experiment

Answer 4

a study that is almost an experiment but the IV has not been determined by anyone. The variables simply exist such as being old or young .

Question 5

Which experiment has highest control over IV ?

Answer 5

Lab experiment

Question 6

Which experiment has lowest level of control over IV

Answer 6

Natural

Question 7

Which experiment has middle level of control over IV

Answer 7

Field experiment

Question 8

Which experiment has the lowest ecological validity

Answer 8

Lab experiment

Question 9

Which experiment has the highest level of ecological validity

Answer 9

natural experiment

Question 10

Which experiment strikes a balance between control of the IV and having ecological validity

Answer 10

Field experiment

Question 11

In what two experiments is the IV controlled and manipulated by the researcher ?

Answer 11

Lab and field experiment

Question 12

In what two experiments is the IV not controlled and manipulated by the researcher

Answer 12

Natural and quasi experiment

Question 13

In what experiment is the IV controlled

Answer 13

Lab experiment

Question 14

In what two experiments is the environment not controlled

Answer 14

Field and natural

Question 15

Internal validity of lab experiment

Answer 15

High internal validity due to high control over extraneous variables

Question 16

External validity

Answer 16

Low external validity as environment is artificial . Results cannot be generalised as task may not represent real life

Question 17

Ethical issues of lab experiment

Answer 17

No ethical issues as partcipants generally know they are taking part

Question 18

Reliability of types of experiment ( replication ) ?

Answer 18

Yes high control over variables allows replication to occur especially to check results

Question 19

Demand characteristics of lab experiment

Answer 19

Yes because participants know they are in a study they may guess the aim and change their behaviour leading to results not being as valid

Question 20

Internal validity of field experiment

Answer 20

Low control so low internal validity as increased risk of extraneous variables due to lower control

Question 21

External validity of field experiment

Answer 21

Higher level of validity as setting is more natural and takes is more representative of population

Question 22

Are there ethical issues in field experiments ?

Answer 22

Yes as participants are often unaware they are taking part in research

Question 23

Reliability of field experiment ?

Answer 23

Envirmoment is less controlled

Cannot be easily replicated

Question 24

Demand characteristics of field experiment

Answer 24

Participants don’t know that they are taking part so act in a natural way

Question 25

Internal validity of natural experiments ?

Answer 25

Increased risk of extraneous variables due to lower levels of control and no random allocation

Question 26

External validity of natural experiment

Answer 26

High as setting is natural soo results can be generalised as it is would have happened anyway

Question 27

Ethical issues of natural experiment

Answer 27

No as the events would of happened anyway and researchers just making use of them happening

Question 28

Reliability of natural experiment

Answer 28

It is a one off occasion so can’t be replicated

Question 29

Demand characteristics of natural experiment

Answer 29

Participants are responding to something researchers have no control over

Question 30

Internal validity of quasi experiment

Answer 30

Carried out in lab conditions so high control over extraneous variables

Question 31

External validity of quasi experiment

Answer 31

Environment artificial so results can’t be easily generalised beyond the setting and doesn’t represent real life experiences

Question 32

Ethical issues of quasi experiment

Answer 32

Partcipants know that they are in a study

Question 33

Reliability of quasi experiment

Answer 33

High level of control allows replication to occur to check accuracy of results

Question 34

Demand of characteristics quasi experiment

Answer 34

Participants know that they are being tested so there is a chance of them guessing the aim and changing behaviour