GI 3: Digestion & Absorption of Lipids

Question 1

what makes the digestion / absorption of lipids a complex process?

Answer 1

lipids are not water-soluble

Question 2

what is the main source of dietary lipids?

Answer 2

triglycerides

Question 3

what are triglycerides made of?

Answer 3

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 4

what enzymes in the mouth, stomach and pancreas can be used to digest lipids>

Answer 4

lipase and collapse

Question 5

collapse acts as an ___

Answer 5

anchor

Question 6

____ are essential for emulsification and micelle formation

Answer 6

bile salts

Question 7

what is emulsification?

Answer 7

division of large lipid droplets into small droplets by bile salts to improve lipid digestion

Question 8

which has a great effect of lipid digestion, lingual and stomach lipase or panreatic lipase?

Answer 8

pancreatic

Question 9

what is the lipid process before digestion?

Answer 9

emulsification

Question 10

what is the lipid process after digestion?

Answer 10

micelle formation

Question 11

bile salts are amphipathic, which means

Answer 11

the have both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part

Question 12

after emulsification, triglycerides are available to ___ and __ and are digested into ___ and ___

Answer 12

lipase and collapse,; monoglycerides and fatty acids

Question 13

a small amount of monoglycerides enter enterocytes by ___ by a -___ (slow/fast)

Answer 13

diffusion; slow

Question 14

what is a micelle and its role?

Answer 14

very small droplets that hold MG and FA close to enterocytes until they are ready for absorption

Question 15

as the concentration of FA/ MG decreases , some micelle compounds will ___

Answer 15

leave and enter by diffusion

Question 16

absorbed fats combine with cholesterol and proteins in the enterocytes to form ____

Answer 16

chylomicrons

Question 17

chylomicrons are removed by the ___ system

Answer 17

lymphatic

Question 18

once in the enterocyte, FA and MG reform to make ___

Answer 18

triglycerides

Question 19

chylomicrons diffuse into the ___ of the lymphatic system

Answer 19

lacteal

Question 20

how do chylomicrons cross the basolateral membrane?

Answer 20

by exocytosis

Question 21

in the fed state, absorption of chylomicrons can be easily seen in intestinal lacteals that look ___

Answer 21

milky

Question 22

bile salts remain in the ___, ___% are re-absorbed in the ileum and transported back to the ___ for recycling

Answer 22

lumen, 95, liver

Question 23

a decrease in bile cycling would result in ____ cholesterol ratio in the bile, resulting in ___

Answer 23

increased; galstones