Chapter 16: Motivating Operations

Question 1

a decrease in the current frequency of the behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same motivating operation. For example, food ingestion abates (decrease the current frequency of) behavior that has been reinforced by food.

Answer 1

Abative effect-

Question 2

a motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object is abolished as a result of food ingestion

Answer 2

Abolishing operation (AO)

Question 3

an alteration in the current frequency of the behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is altered ineffectiveness by the same motivating operation. For example, the frequency of the behavior that has been reinforced with food is increased or decreased by food deprivation or food ingestion.

Answer 3

Behavior-altering effect

Question 4

a motivating operation whose value-altering effect depends on learning history. For example, because the relation between locked doors and keys having to open a locked door is a CMO that makes keys more effective reinforcers and evokes behavior that has obtained such keys.

Answer 4

CMO

Question 5

a motivating operation that establishes (increases) the effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event as a reinforcer. For example, food deprivation establishes food as an effective reinforcer.

Answer 5

Establishing operation (EO)

Question 6

an increase in the current frequency of the behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing, effectiveness by the same motivating operation. For example, food deprivation evokes (increases the current frequency of) the behavior that has been reinforced by food.

Answer 6

Evocative effec

Question 7

a relatively permanent change in an organism’s repertoire of MO stimulus and repose relations caused by a reinforcement punishment procedure. Respondent function-altering effects result from the pairing and unpairing of antecedent stimuli.

Answer 7

Function-altering effect (relevant to operant relations)

Question 8

an environmental variable that (a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus object or event and (b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus object or event (see abative effect, abolishing operation (AO) behavior-altering effect evocative effect establishing operation (EO) value altering effect)

Answer 8

Motivating operation (MO)

Question 9

the occurrence of a previously punished type of response without its punishing consequence. This procedure is analogous to the extinction of previously reinforced behavior has the effect of undoing the effect of the punishment.

Answer 9

Recovery from punishment procedure

Question 10

a stimulus that acquires MO effectiveness by preceding some form of worsening or improvement. It is exemplified by the warning stimulus in a typical escape-avoidance procedure which established its own offset as R+ and evokes all behavior that has accomplished that offset

Answer 10

Reflexive conditioned motivating operation (CMO-R

Question 11

a decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimlusu object or event casuesd by a motivating operation for example food ingesting abolishes the R+ of food

Answer 11

Reinforcer-abolishing effect

Question 12

an increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimlusus object or event caused by a motivating operation. For example food ingestion abolishes the reinforcing effectiveness of food

Answer 12

Reinforcer-establishing effect

Question 13

a stimulus that aquiresits MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO and has the same value-altering and behiavior altering effects as the MO with whichit was paired

Answer 13

Surrogate conditioned motivating operation (CMO-S)

Question 14

an environmental variable that as a result of a learning history establishes or abolishes the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes or abates the behair that ahas been reinforced by that other stimulus

Answer 14

Transitive conditioned motivating operation (CMO-T)

Question 15

a motivating operation whose value altering effect does not depend on a learning history. For example food deprivation increase the reinforcing effectiveness of food without the necessary of any learning history

Answer 15

Unconditioned motivating operation (UMO

Question 16

two kinds (a) the occurrence alone of astimlusus that acquired its function by being paired with an already effective stimulus or (b) the occurrence of the stimulus in the absence as well as in the presence of the effective stimulus. Both kinds of unpairing undo the result of the pairing the occurrence alone of the stimulus that because a conditioned reinforcer and the occurrence of the unconditioned reinforcer in the absence as well as in the presence of the conditioned reinforcer

Answer 16

Unpairing

Question 17

an alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus object or event as a result of a motivating operation for example the reinforcing effectiveness of food is altered as a result of food deprivation and food ingestion

Answer 17

Value-altering effect-