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Compiled PPS board reviewer > Growth & Development > Flashcards

Growth & Development Flashcards

1
Q

flexed, turns head from side to side

  • Fixate face on light in line of vision
  • “doll’s eye”, “moro”, “stepping & placing”, “grasp”
  • Visual preference for human face
A

neonatal period

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2
Q

legs more extended, holds chin up, turns head

  • Tonic neck posture, head lag in sitting
  • Watches person, follows moving objects
  • Smile
A

1st month

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3
Q

raises head slightly farther

  • Tonic neck posture, head lags in sitting position
  • Follows moving object 180o
  • Smiles on social contact
  • Listens to voice & coos
A

2nd month

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4
Q

lifts head & chest w/ arms extended, tonic neck posture

  • Reaches towards & misses objects; waves @ toy
  • Early head control w/ bobbing motion
  • More reflex has not persisted
  • Makes defensive movement
  • Sustained social contact
  • Listens to music, “ahh”, “ngah”
A

3rd month

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5
Q

– hands in midline, reaches & grasp objects

  • Brings to mouth; no head lag when pulled to sit
  • Pushes feet when held erect
  • Sees pellet, makes no move to reach
  • Excited @ sight of food; LOL
  • Slows displeasure when social contact is broken

**BW doubles

A

4th month

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6
Q

– rolls over, pivot, crawls or creep-crawl (prone)

  • Sits briefly w/ support, bounces actively
  • Transfers object from hand to hand
  • Rakes @ pellet
  • Polysyllabic vowel sounds
  • Prefers mother; babbles; enjoys mirror
A

7th month

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7
Q

sit up alone w/o support, creeps/crawl

  • Pulls to standing position, cruises
  • Pokes @ things
  • Picks up pellet w/ assisted pincer movt
  • Uncovers hidden toys
  • Attempts to retrieve dropped objects
  • Repetitive consonant sounds “mama” “dada”
  • Responds to sound of name
  • Plays “peek-a-boo” “pat a cake” “wave bye-bye”
A

10th month

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8
Q

walks with 1 hand held

  • Picks up pellet with unassisted pincer movement
  • Releases object to other person on request or gesture
  • Says few words besides “mama” & “dada”
  • Plays simple ball game, postural adjustment to dressing

**BW triples, 1 ½ BL

A

12th month

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9
Q

walks alone, crawls upstairs

  • Makes tower of 3 cubes, makes a line
  • Inserts raisin in bottle
  • Jargon, follows simple commands
  • May name familiar object
  • Indicates some desires or needs by pointing
  • Hugs parents
A

15th month

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10
Q

runs stiffly, walks up stairs w/ 1 hand held

  • Explores drawers & wastebaskets, dumps raising from bottle
  • 10 word (ave), names pictures
  • Identify 1 or more body parts
  • Feeds self
  • Seek help
  • Kisses w/ a pucker
  • Complain when wet or soiled
A

18th month

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11
Q

runs well, walks up & down stairs 1 step @ a time

  • Opens door, climbs on furniture
  • Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object)
  • Handles spoon well
  • Tells about immediate experiences
  • Helps to undress
  • Listens to stories when shown pictures

**½ adult ht

A

24th month

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12
Q

– goes upstairs alternating feet

  • Refers to self by pronoun “I”
  • Knows full name
  • Helps put things away; pretends in play

**BW quadruples

A

30 months

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13
Q

rides tricycle; stands momentarily on 1 foot

  • Knows age and sex, counts 3 objects correctly
  • Repeats 3 numbers or a sentence of 6 syllables
  • Plays simple games; helps in dressing; washes hands

**3 ft

A

3 yo

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14
Q

hops on 1 foot; throws ball overhand; uses scissors

  • Climbs well
  • Draws man w/ 2-4 parts besides head
  • Counts 4 pennies accurately
  • Tells story, plays w/ several children, with beginning of social interaction and role-playing
  • Goes to toilet alone

**40lbs; 2BL, 40in

A

4 yo

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15
Q

skips

  • Names heavier of 2 weights
  • Names 4 color
  • Repeat sentence of 10 syllables
  • Count 10 pennies correctly
  • Dress & undresses
  • Ask questions about meaning of words
  • Engages in domestic role playing
A

5 yo

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16
Q

BL formula for 2-12 yo

A

Age x 6 + 77

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17
Q

Upper:lower body ratio
Birth
3yo
7yo

A

Birth 1.7
3yo 1.3
7yo 1

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18
Q

BL formula 2-12 yo

A

Age x 6 + 77

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19
Q

Ht of 13 yo

A

3BL

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20
Q

Upper:Lower body ratio (birth,3,7 yo)

A

birth: 1.7
3yo: 1.3
7yo: 1

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21
Q 
length of ...
0-3 mo:
3-6 mo:
6-9 mo:
9-12 mo:
1-3 yo:
4-6 yo:
A 
length 
0-3 mo: 3.5cm/mo
3-6 mo: 2cm/mo
6-9 mo: 1.5cm/mo
9-12 mo: 1.2cm/mo
1-3 yo: 1cm/mo
4-6 yo: 3cm/yr
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22
Q 
HC of ...
0-3 mo:
3-6 mo:
6-9 mo:
9-12 mo:
1-3 yo:
4-6 yo:
A 
HC
0-3 mo: 2cm/mo
3-6 mo: 1cm/mo
6-9 mo: 0.5cm/mo
9-12 mo: 0.5cm/mo
1-3 yo: 0.25cm/mo
4-6 yo: 1cm/yr
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23
Q

waterlowe formula for stunting

A 
(actual HT/ ideal Ht for age) x 100
Normal	>95%
Mild 	90-95%
Moderate 85-89%
Severe	<85%
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24
Q

waterlowe formula for wasting

A 
(actual WT/ ideal WT for Ht) x 100
Normal 	>90%
Mild 	80-90%
Moderate 70-80%
Severe 	<70%
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25
Q

Crying peaks (3hr/day)

A

6 weeks

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26
Q

Sleep reqt 14-16hrs/day

A

4 months

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27
Q

Localizes sound & familiar names

A

6 months

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28
Q

Non verbal communication

A

7 months

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29
Q

Use picture books to hasten language

A

8-10 months

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30
Q

Stranger anxiety

Object permanence

A

9 months

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31
Q

Rapproachement (clinginess)

A

18 months

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32
Q

Tantrums & breath holding spells peak

A

2 yo

33
Q

Handedness, visual acuity 20/30, take BP

A

3 yo

34
Q

Past tense, visual acuity 20/20

No bed wetting (girls)

A

4 yo

35
Q

Future tense

No bed wetting (boys)

A

5 yo

36
Q

Conscience

A

5-6 yo

37
Q

Girls: 1st sign of puberty (SMR2) breast budding

A

8 yo

38
Q

Boys: (SMR 2) testicular enlargement

A

9.5 yo

39
Q

Pineal gland calcifies

A

10 yo

40
Q

Style of writing is set

A

12 yo

41
Q

Preadolescent breast & pubic hair

A

SMR 1

42
Q

PH: Sparse, lightly pigmented, straight, medial border of labia
BREAST; Breast & papillae elevated as small mound, diameter of areola ↑

A

SMR 2

43
Q

PH: Darker, begin to curl, ↑amt
B: Breast & areola enlarged, no contour separation

A

SMR 3

44
Q

PH: Coarse, curly, abundant < an adult
B: Areola & papilla form secondary mound

A

SMR 4

45
Q

PH: Adult feminine triangle, spread to medial surface thigh
B: Mature, nipple projects, areola part of general breast contour

A

SMR 5

46
Q

PH: Scanty, long, slightly pigmented
P: Minimal change/ enlargement
T: Enlarges scrotum, pink, texture altered

A

SMR 2

47
Q

PH: Darker, start to curl, small amt
P: Lengthens
T: Larger

A

SMR 3

48
Q

PH: Resembles adult type; less quantity, coarse, curly
P: Larger glans & breadth ↑size
T: Larger, scrotum darker

A

SMR 4

49
Q

PH: Adult distribution, spread medial surface thighs

P/T: Adult size

A

SMR 5

50
Q

age: 10-13yo
SMR: 1-2

A

early adol

51
Q

2 sex characteristics, begin rapid growth, awkward appearance (somatic)

A

early adol

52
Q

Concrete operations, unable to perceive long term outcome of current decision, conventional morality (mental)

A

early adol

53
Q

Preoccupied w/ changing body, self conscious, fantasy, present oriented (self concept)

A

early adol

54
Q

↑need for privacy & bid independence (family)

A

early adol

55
Q

Seek same-sex peer affiliation to counter instability (peer)

A

early adol

56
Q

↑interest in sexual anatomy, questions genital changes, limited dating (sexual)

A

early adol

57
Q

Middle school adjustment (social)

A

early adol

58
Q

age: 14-16 yo
SMR: 3-5

A

middle adol

59
Q

Ht growth peaks, body shape/ composition, acne & odor, menarche/ spermarche (Somatic)

A

middle adol

60
Q

Abstract thought (formal operation) perceive future implications but may not apply in decision making, questioning mores (mental)

A

middle adol

61
Q

Concern w/ attractiveness,
↑ introspection, stereotypical ado
(self concept)

A

middle adol

62
Q

Conflict – control & independence, struggle for greater autonomy (family)

A

middle adol

63
Q

Intense peer grp involvement, preoccupied peer culture, peer provide behavioral example (peer)

A

middle adol

64
Q

age: 17-20 yo
SMR: 5

A

late adol

65
Q

Gauge skills & opportunities (society)

A

middle adol

66
Q

age: 17-20 yo
SMR: 5

A

late adole

67
Q

Physically mature, slower growth (Somatic)

A

late adol

68
Q

Future oriented w/ sense of perspective, idealism, absolutism, able to think things through independently (mental)

A

late adol

69
Q

More stable body image, attractiveness may still be of concern, emancipation complete, firmer identity (self concept)

A

late adol

70
Q

Emotional & physical separation from family, ↑autonomy (family)

A

late adol

71
Q

Peer grp value recede in importance, intimacy/ possible commitment (peer)

A

late adol

72
Q

Consolidation of sexual identity, focus on intimacy & form stable relationship, plan future commitment (sexual)

A

late adol

73
Q

Career decision (society)

A

late adol

74
Q 
Infancy (0-1)
Freud psycho-sexual:
Erickson Psycho-social:
Piaget Cognitive:
Kohlberg Moral:
A

Infancy (0-1)
Freud psycho-sexual: ORAL
Erickson Psycho-social: TRUST vs MISTRUST
Piaget Cognitive: sensorimotor

75
Q 
Toddler (2-3)
Freud psycho-sexual:
Erickson Psycho-social:
Piaget Cognitive:
Kohlberg Moral:
A

Toddler (2-3)
Freud psycho-sexual: ANAL
Erickson Psycho-social: Autonomy vs shame & doubt
Piaget Cognitive: Sensorimotor
Kohlberg Moral: Preconventional, avoid punishment
obtain reward (stage 1&2)

76
Q 
Preschool (3-6)
Freud psycho-sexual:
Erickson Psycho-social:
Piaget Cognitive:
Kohlberg Moral:
A

Preschool (3-6)
Freud psycho-sexual: Phallic/Oedipal
Erickson Psycho-social: initiative vs guilt
Piaget Cognitive: pre operational
Kohlberg Moral: Conventional conformity (stage 3)

77
Q 
school age (6-12)
Freud psycho-sexual: 
Erickson Psycho-social:
Piaget Cognitive:
Kohlberg Moral:
A

school age (6-12)
Freud psycho-sexual: latency
Erickson Psycho-social: Industry vs inferiority
Piaget Cognitive: Concrete operation
Kohlberg Moral: Conventional law & order (stage 4)

78
Q 
adol (12-20)
Freud psycho-sexual: 
Erickson Psycho-social:
Piaget Cognitive:
Kohlberg Moral:
A

adol (12-20)
Freud psycho-sexual: Genital
Erickson Psycho-social: Identity vs role diffusion
Piaget Cognitive: Formal operations
Kohlberg Moral: Postconventional moral principle

Compiled PPS board reviewer (60 decks)

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