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BDS2 OCB > OCB03-2009 SEROTONIN > Flashcards

OCB03-2009 SEROTONIN Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main functions of serotonergic transmission?

A

Inhibit sensory input

Descending pain inhibition

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2
Q

How can serotonin affect morphine?

A

Decreased serotonin antagonises the effects of morphine

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3
Q

What are the two principal serotonergic nuclei?

A

Rostral raphe nuclei

Caudal raphe nuclei

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4
Q

What two monoamine neurotransmitters have a similar distribution in the CNS?

A

NA

Serotonin

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5
Q

Where do the serotonergic neurons project to from the rostral raphe nuclei?

A

Ascend to cerebral cortex, limbic regions and specifically the basal ganglia

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6
Q

Where do the serotonergic neurons project to from the caudal raphe nuclei?

A

Descend to medulla or to spinal cord

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7
Q

What is another name for serotonin?

A

5-hydroxytryptamine

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8
Q

How is 5-hydroxytryptamine formed?

A

Tryptophan –> 5-hydroxytryptophan by tryptophan hydroxylase

5-hydroxytryptophan –> 5-hydroxytryptamine by aromatic amino acid decarboxylase

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9
Q

What can 5-HT be converted to?

A

Melatonin

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid by MAOa

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10
Q

What can be measured to determine 5-HT transmission in the brain?

A

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in ECF

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11
Q

How can serotonin be removed from the synapse?

A

SERT into neurons

ENT into glial cells

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12
Q

What type of receptor are serotonin receptors?

A

All GPCRs except 5-HT3 which is an cation channel

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13
Q

What G protein are 5-HT1 receptors coupled to?

A

Gi

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14
Q

What are 5-HT1A receptors involved in?

A

Sleep

Neuronal inhibition

Anxiety

Feeding

Thermoregulation

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15
Q

What are 5-HT1B receptors involved in?

A

Presynaptic inhibition

Behaviour

Food intake

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16
Q

What are 5-HT1D receptors involved in?

A

Peripheral vasoconstriction

Behaviour

Locomotion

17
Q

What G protein are 5-HT2 receptors coupled to?

A

Gq/11

18
Q

Where are 5-HT2A receptors found and what are they involved in?

A

Found in CNS, PNS, smooth muscle and platelets

Neuronal excitation

Behaviour

Platelet aggregation

Vasoconstriction/dilatation

19
Q

Where are 5-HT2B receptors found and what do they do?

A

Found in the gastric fundus

Muscle contraction

20
Q

What are 5-HT2C receptors involved in?

A

CSF secretion

Food intake

21
Q

What type of receptor is 5-HT3?

A

Ligand-gated cation channel

22
Q

What is the 5-HT3 receptor involved in?

A

Neuronal excitation

Behaviour

Anxiety

Emesis (vomiting)

23
Q

Which 5-HT receptors are Gs-linked?

A

4, 6, 7

24
Q

What G protein is 5-HT5 coupled to?

A

Gi

25
Q

What is the 5-HT4 receptor involved in?

A

GI motility

Neuronal excitation

26
Q

What is the 5-HT6 receptor involved in?

A

Learning and memory

27
Q

What is the 5-HT7 receptor involved in?

A

Thermoregulation

Circadian rhythm

28
Q

What does LSD stand for?

A

Lysergic acid diethylamide

29
Q

What receptor does buspirone act on and what is it used to treat?

A

Agonist of 5-HT1A

Anxiety

30
Q

What receptor does sumatriptan act on and what is it used to treat?

A

Agonist of 5-HT1D

Migraines

31
Q

What receptor does methylsergide act on and what is it used to treat?

A

Antagonist of 5-HT2A

Migraines

32
Q

What receptor does clozapine act on and what is it used to treat? (5-HT)

A

Antagonist of 5-HT2A

Antipsychotic

33
Q

What receptor does lorcaserin act on and what is it used to treat?

A

Agonist of 5-HT2C

Obesity (decreases food intake)

34
Q

How does cocaine affect 5-HT transmission?

A

Blocks SERT

35
Q

How do MAOa inhibitors affect 5-HT transmission and what are they used to treat?

A

Decrease 5-HT metabolism

Depression

36
Q

How does fenfluramine affect 5-HT transmission and what is it used to treat?

A

Increases 5-HT release and blocks SERT

Previously treated obesity

37
Q

What type of drugs are prozac (fluoxetine) and fluvoxamine?

A

SSRI (block SERT) = antidepressant

38
Q

What type of drugs are venlafaxine and duloxetine and what are they used to treat?

A

SNRI (block SERT more than NET)

Depression, anxiety, pain

39
Q

What type of neurons are inhibited by serotonergic neurons in descending pain inhibition?

A

Spinothalamic neurons

BDS2 OCB (22 decks)

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