Chem path 3s - Acid base Flashcards
1
Q
Equation for pH
A
pH = log1/{H+] (inverse log of hydrogen concentration)
2
Q
Where is H+ excreted?
A
Kidneys
3
Q
What is a buffer?
A
A weak acid and its base which can be used to mop up H+ ions
4
Q
Three examples of buffers, which is most important?
A
Bicarbonate (most important)
Haemaglobin (in RBCs)
Phosphate
5
Q
How do H+ ions pass across the membrane?
A
H+ ions cannot cross a membrane on their own, reliant on Na+/H+ exchange
6
Q
Some causes of metabolic acidosis
A
Increased H+ production (DKA)
Decreased H+ excretion (renal failure)
Increased bicarbonate loss (fistula)
7
Q
how are changes in H+ physiologically managed?
A
Buffering and compensation
8
Q
Causes of metabolic alkalosis
A
Hypokalaemia
H+ loss (pyloric stenosis)
Ingested bicarbonate
