Chapter 6 - Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

When the body cannot get enough oxygen, it makes ATP via:

Answer 1

anaerobic metabolism.

Question 2

The principal organ of the renal system is the:

Answer 2

kidney.

Question 3

The organ that produces eggs in a female is the:

Answer 3

ovary.

Question 4

This division (region) of the spinal column is subject to injury because it is NOT supported by another part of the skeleton:

Answer 4

lumbar

Question 5

The pelvis is commonly referred to as the:

Answer 5

hip

Question 6

The scapula and acromion are parts of the:

Answer 6

shoulder.

Question 7

Inferiorly, the knee connects with the:

Answer 7

tibia and fibula.

Question 8

The body contains how many different types of muscle?

Answer 8

Three

Question 9

After inhaled air goes through the larynx, the NEXT part of the respiratory system the air passes as it moves to the lungs is the:

Answer 9

trachea.

Question 10

The chamber that pumps oxygen-rich blood out of the heart for distribution to the rest of the body is the:

Answer 10

left ventricle.

Question 11

The largest artery in the body is the:

Answer 11

aorta.

Question 12

The organ that produces sperm is the:

Answer 12

testes.

Question 13

The blood vessels where gases, nutrients, and waste products are exchanged between the body’s cells and the bloodstream are the:

Answer 13

capillaries.

Question 14

The component of the blood that has a primary function of carrying oxygen to tissue is:

Answer 14

red blood cells.

Question 15

The pressure created in the arteries when blood is forced out of the heart is referred to as:

Answer 15

systolic.

Question 16

The adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues of the body is called:

Answer 16

perfusion.

Question 17

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the:

Answer 17

spinal cord.

Question 18

The substance that regulates acidity and is produced by the kidneys is called:

Answer 18

bicarbonate.

Question 19

The endocrine system produces chemicals called:

Answer 19

hormones.

Question 20

Body functions such as digestion and heart rate are controlled by the:

Answer 20

autonomic nervous system.

Question 21

When oxygen is used to break down glucose, it is called __________ metabolism.

Answer 21

aerobic

Question 22

Bones are connected to bones by __________, while muscles are connected to bones by __________.

Answer 22

ligaments; tendons

Question 23

The kidneys filter out a waste product called __________.

Answer 23

urea

Question 24

The spinal column is made up of __________.

Answer 24

33 vertebrae

Question 25

The __________ __________ contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.

Answer 25

thoracic cavity

Question 26

The __________ __________ consists of the acetabulum and the ball at the head of the femur.

Answer 26

hip joint

Question 27

The elbow is an example of a(n) __________ joint.

Answer 27

hinge

Question 28

The property that allows the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own is__________.

Answer 28

automaticity

Question 29

During respiration, gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place in the small sacs called __________.

Answer 29

alveoli

Question 30

The passive section of the respiratory cycle in which the intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax is known as __________.

Answer 30

exhalation

Question 31

The respiratory anatomy of infants and children differs from that of adults in that the __________ is narrower, softer, and more flexible.

Answer 31

trachea

Question 32

Because the chest walls of infants and children are softer, they rely more on the __________ for breathing.

Answer 32

diaphragm

Question 33

The upper chambers of the heart are the __________, while the lower chambers are the __________.

Answer 33

atria; ventricles

Question 34

The __________ __________ carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Answer 34

pulmonary vein

Question 35

The membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells that release chemical factors needed to form blood clots are __________.

Answer 35

platelets

Question 36

When the left ventricle of the heart is relaxing and refilling, the pressure remaining in the arteries is the __________ blood pressure.

Answer 36

diastolic

Question 37

__________ and __________ are the names for the organs that produce sperm and eggs respectively.

Answer 37

Testes; ovaries

Question 38

The peripheral nervous system is made up of __________ nerves and__________ nerves.

Answer 38

sensory; motor

Question 39

The layers of the skin are the __________, the __________,and the __________ __________.

Answer 39

epidermis; dermis; subcutaneous

Question 40

The __________ __________ produces chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions.

Answer 40

endocrine system

Question 41

T/F: The whiplash often accompanying car accidents poses a special danger to the sacral spine.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

T/F: The ulna is the inner and larger bone of the lower leg.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

T/F: The heart muscle has its own blood supply through the coronary artery system.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

T/F: The cricoid cartilage forms the lower portion of the trachea.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

T/F: The left ventricle is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart

Answer 45

True

Question 46

T/F: The cardiac conduction system delivers waste gases to the lungs, where they can be expelled from the body.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

T/F: The femoral artery is the main source of blood supply to the upper arm.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

T/F: The primary function of the red blood cells is to carry oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide away from the tissues.

Answer 48

True

Question 49

T/F: In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, the 120 refers to the diastolic pressure while the 80 refers to the systolic pressure .

Answer 49

False

Question 50

T/F: Perfusion is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment.

Answer 50

False

Question 51

T/F: The skin plays an important part in regulating the body's temperature.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

T/F: The epidermis contains no blood vessels or nerves.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

T/F: The endocrine system secretes epinephrine, which is critical to the body's use of glucose.

Answer 53

False