P2 2h transport in plants

Question 1

what are tropisms?

Answer 1

responses to help make sure they grow toward light and water sources

Question 2

what is it called when a shoot grows toward light?

Answer 2

positive tropism

Question 3

what is it called when a root grows away from light?

Answer 3

negative phototropism

Question 4

what is it called when a shoot grows against gravity?

Answer 4

negative geotropism/gravitropism

Question 5

what is it called when a root grows with gravity?

Answer 5

positive geotropism/gravitropism

Question 6

what does the xylem do?

Answer 6

• transports water and dissolved mineral ions from the roots, through the stem and to the leaves
• provides support for the plant, helping to keep its structure

Question 7

what does the phloem do?

Answer 7

• transporting sucrose

- transporting amino acids

Question 8

what is the pathway of water?

Answer 8

when water travels through a plant from its roots, up its stem and to its leaves, where it then evaporates into the air

Question 9

what is the root hair cell function?

Answer 9

found on the surface of plant roots

• they absorb water and ions from the soil
• larger surface area increases rate of absorption

Question 10

step by step pathway of water

Answer 10

1. water moves into the root
2. goes through root hair cell and root cortex cell
3. water is pulled up by the xylem
4. water enters the leaf cells
5. evaporates into the air spaces in the spongy mesophyll layer
6. diffuses out of the leaf through stomata

Question 11

pathway of water investigation

Answer 11

stick celery in water that has dye in it, take it out after an hour and cut

Question 12

what is transpiration?

Answer 12

loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation

- at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by diffusion of water vapour through the stomata

Question 13

what are the factors that affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 13

• temperature
• dry/conditions
• windy conditions
• light intensity

Question 14

how does temp affect the rate of transpiration?

Question 15

how do dry conditions affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 15

evaporation takes place more quickly in dry condition than it does in humid conditions

Question 16

how do windy conditions affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 16

wind removes water vapour, which allows for more water to evaporate

Question 17

how does light intensity affect the rate of transpiration?

Answer 17

high light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis

Question 18

why do plants need translocation?

Answer 18

so the sugar they produce in the leaves can be shared around the plant

Question 19

where does translocation happen?

Answer 19

phloem tubes

Question 20

which way does the phloem tube transport the cell sap?

Answer 20

the phloem can transport the water and sugar mixture both ways

Question 21

how does the phloem move cell sap up and down the plant?

Answer 21

active transport

Question 22

what is the source in translocation?

Answer 22

the leaves, or where the sucrose is made

Question 23

what are the sinks in translocation

Answer 23

where the sugar is transported, then it can be put into storage or can be used in respiration or growth