_A2_ 1 - Cycles

Question 0

Fermentation of Lactate

Answer 0

Mammals

Pyruvate — Lactate (lactic acid)
NADH2 provides H atoms to pyruvate to turn it into LACTATE

> Reduced NAD (from glycolysis) transfers Hydrogen to Pyruvate to form LACTATE and NAD

> NAD can then be reused in glycolysis

Question 1

Fermentation of Alcohol

Answer 1

Yeast

Pyruvate — Ethanal
Releases CO2

Ethanal — Ethanol
uses NADH2 and makes it to NAD
Or NADH2 provides H atoms

> CO2 us removed from pyruvate to form ETHANAL

> Reduced NAD (from glycolysis) transfers Hydrogen to ETHANAL to form/ make ETHANOL and NAD

> NAD is then Re used in glycolysis

Question 2

RQ (Respiratory Quotient)

Answer 2

Volume of CO2 released / Volume of CO2 consumed

RQ values of Respiratory subtrates:

Lipids (triglycerides) - 0.7
Proteins or amino acids. - 0.9
Carbohydrates. - 1
L