A&P MT Lesson 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the meaning of the combining form ‘aden/o’?
A
gland
Example: Adenoid
2
Q
What does ‘amni/o’ refer to?
A
amnion
Example: Amniotic fluid
3
Q
Define the combining form ‘angi/o’.
A
vessel
Example: Angiogram
4
Q
What does ‘arteri/o’ represent?
A
artery
Example: Arterial
5
Q
What is the meaning of ‘arthr/o’?
A
joint
Example: Arthritis
6
Q
What does ‘ather/o’ signify?
A
plaque
Example: Atherogenesis
7
Q
What does ‘axill/o’ refer to?
A
armpit
Example: Axillary
8
Q
Define ‘bronch/o’.
A
bronchial tube
Example: Bronchial
9
Q
What does ‘carcin/o’ mean?
A
cancerous
Example: Carcinoma
10
Q
What does the combining form ‘cardio’ refer to?
A
heart
Example: Cardiomegaly
11
Q
Define ‘chem/o’.
A
drugs
Example: Chemophylaxis
12
Q
What is the meaning of ‘chondr/o’?
A
cartilage
Example: Cystic
13
Q
What does ‘cholecyst/o’ signify?
A
gallbladder
Example: Cholecystectomy
14
Q
What does ‘chron/o’ refer to?
A
time
Example: Chronologic
15
Q
Define ‘col/o’.
A
colon
Example: Colitis
16
Q
What does ‘cyst/o’ mean?
A
urinary bladder
Example: Cystitis
17
Q
What does ‘encephal/o’ refer to?
A
brain
Example: Encephalography
18
Q
What is the meaning of ‘inguin/o’?
A
loin, thigh
Example: Inguinal
19
Q
Define ‘isch/o’.
A
ischium
Example: Ischial
20
Q
What does ‘lapar/o’ signify?
A
abdominal wall
Example: Laparotomy
21
Q
What does ‘laryng/o’ refer to?
A
larynx
Example: Laryngitis
22
Q
What is the meaning of ‘mamm/o’?
A
breast, milk gland
Example: Mammary
23
Q
Define ‘mast/o’.
A
breast
Example: Mastectomy
24
Q
What does ‘my/o’ signify?
A
muscle
Example: Myocardium
25
What does 'myel/o' refer to?
bone marrow, spinal cord
## Footnote
Example: Myeloma
26
What is the meaning of 'necr/o'?
death
## Footnote
Example: Necrosis
27
Define 'nephr/o'.
kidney
## Footnote
Example: Nephritis
28
What does 'neur/o' mean?
nerve
## Footnote
Example: Neuropathy
29
What is the meaning of 'ophthalm/o'?
eye
## Footnote
Example: Ophthalmology
30
Define 'oste/o'.
bone
## Footnote
Example: Osteoporosis
31
What does 'ot/o' refer to?
ear
## Footnote
Example: Otitis
32
What does 'peritone/o' signify?
peritoneum
## Footnote
Example: Peritoneal
33
What is the meaning of 'phleb/o'?
vein
## Footnote
Example: Phlebotomy
34
Define 'pneumon/o'.
lung
## Footnote
Example: Pneumonia
35
What does 'pulmon/o' refer to?
lung
## Footnote
Example: Pulmonologist
36
What is the meaning of 'ren/o'?
kidney
## Footnote
Example: Renal
37
Define 'sarc/o'.
flesh, muscle
## Footnote
Example: Sarcoma
38
What does 'thorac/o' signify?
chest
## Footnote
Example: Thoracentesis
39
What is a total hysterectomy?
Removal of the entire uterus (fundus, corpus, and cervix)
## Footnote
Ovaries and fallopian tubes remain
40
Define a partial or subtotal hysterectomy.
Only a portion of the uterus is removed
41
What is a laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy?
Uterus removed through an incision in the vagina with laparoscope assistance
## Footnote
Known as 'keyhole surgery'
42
What is a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy?
Removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
43
Define a radical hysterectomy.
Removal of the entire uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, lymph nodes, and the top half of the vagina
44
What is atherosclerosis?
Hardening of the arteries due to deposits of yellow plaque containing cholesterol and lipids
45
What can atherosclerosis lead to?
Decreased blood flow (ischemia) or death (necrosis) of myocardial tissue
## Footnote
Area of dead myocardial tissue is known as an infarction
46
What are the two groups of suffixes?
Diagnostic and Procedural
47
What are diagnostic suffixes?
Suffixes that describe disease conditions or their symptoms
48
What are procedural suffixes?
Suffixes that describe procedures used in patient care
49
What does the suffix '-algia' mean?
pain
## Footnote
Example: Fibromyalgia
50
Define the suffix '-emia'.
blood condition
## Footnote
Example: Hyperglycemia
51
What does '-ia' signify?
condition
## Footnote
Example: Pneumonia
52
What does the suffix '-itis' mean?
inflammation
## Footnote
Example: Arthritis
53
What does '-megaly' signify?
enlargement
## Footnote
Example: Splenomegaly
54
What is the meaning of '-oma'?
tumor, mass
## Footnote
Example: Sarcoma
55
Define '-osis'.
condition, process
## Footnote
Example: Exocytosis
56
What does '-pathy' mean?
disease condition
## Footnote
Example: Retinopathy
57
What does '-rrhea' signify?
flow, discharge
## Footnote
Example: Rhinorrhea
58
Define '-rrhage'.
excessive discharge, bursting
## Footnote
Example: Hemorrhage
59
What is the meaning of '-sclerosis'?
hardening
## Footnote
Example: Arteriosclerosis
60
What does '-uria' refer to?
condition of urine
## Footnote
Example: Proteinuria
61
What do the suffixes '-ar', '-ary', and '-ic' mean?
pertaining to
62
What is the basic rule for building a medical term?
Use a combining vowel to connect the root to the suffix
63
What happens to the combining vowel if the suffix begins with a vowel?
Drop the combining vowel
64
Break down the term 'Otalgia'.
ear pain
65
What does 'Leukemia' refer to?
increase in malignant white blood cells in blood and bone marrow
66
Define 'Pneumonia'.
abnormal condition of the lungs marked by inflammation and collection of material within the air sacs
67
What does 'Hepatomegaly' signify?
enlargement of the liver
68
What does the suffix '-centesis' mean?
surgical puncture to remove fluid
## Footnote
Example: Paracentesis
69
Define '-ectomy'.
removal, resection
## Footnote
Example: Nephrectomy
70
What does '-gram' signify?
record
## Footnote
Example: Angiogram
71
What does '-graphy' refer to?
process of recording
## Footnote
Example: Encephalography
72
What is the meaning of '-lysis'?
separation, destruction, breakdown
## Footnote
Example: Analysis
73
Define '-plasty'.
surgical repair
## Footnote
Example: Rhinoplasty
74
What does '-scopy' mean?
process of visual examination
## Footnote
Example: Endoscopy
75
What does '-stomy' signify?
opening
## Footnote
Example: Gastrostomy
76
Define '-tomy'.
incision into
## Footnote
Example: Thoracotomy
77
What is 'Gastrostomy'?
An artificial opening made into the stomach through the skin for tube feeding
78
What is 'Abdominal Paracentesis'?
A needle is inserted into the abdomen filled with fluid to drain excess fluid
79
Define 'Thoracentesis'.
Surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid
80
What does 'Tonsillectomy' mean?
Removal of a tonsil or tonsils
81
What is a 'Myelogram'?
X-ray image of the spinal cord after contrast is injected
82
What is 'Angiography'?
X-ray recording of blood vessels after contrast is injected
83
Define 'Acute'.
Sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time
84
What is 'Adenocarcinoma'?
Cancerous tumor derived from glandular cells
85
What does 'Bronchoscopy' mean?
Visual examination of bronchial tubes using an endoscope
86
What is 'Cardiomyopathy'?
Disease of heart muscle
87
Define 'Erythrocytosis'.
Abnormal condition of red blood cells
88
What does 'Hematuria' refer to?
Abnormal condition of blood in the urine
89
What is 'Ischemia'?
Deficiency of blood flow caused by narrowing or obstruction of blood vessels
90
Define 'Laparascopy'.
Visual examination of the abdomen
91
What does 'Mammoplasty' mean?
Surgical repair of the breast
92
What does 'Otalgia' refer to?
Pain in an ear
93
What is 'Phlebotomy'?
Incision of a vein
94
Define 'Rhinoplasty'.
Surgical repair of the nose
95
What does 'Rhinorrhea' mean?
Discharge from the nose
96
What is 'Salpingectomy'?
Removal of a fallopian tube
97
What does 'Septicemia' refer to?
Infection in the blood
98
Define 'Hyperuremia'.
Abnormal condition of excessive amounts of urea in the bloodstream
99
What does 'Vascular' mean?
Pertaining to blood vessels
