C4.1 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Population density
the number of individuals per unit area or volume
Carrying capacity
the maximum population size that a given environment can sustain over a certain period of time, influenced by the availability of resources and varies over time
Density-dependent factors
impact on population size as the population density increases.
include competition for resources, predation, disease and parasitism.
keep population close to carrying capacity
Density-independent factors
impact on population size regardless of its density.
natural disturbances such as floods, droughts, hurricanes and earthquakes.
and humans
Sigmoid population growth
environments with a limited number of resources
initlaççly exponential. then cause of density dependent factors it is carrying capacity shape
Exponential population growth
occurs in populations under ideal conditions where resources are unlimited and abiotic factors are favourable
example of invasive species and what it doesd
Caulerpa taxifolia
in tropical waters of the Indian ocean.
secretes a toxin which deters molluscs, herbivorous fish and sea urchins
lacks natural predators in the area so nothing kills it.
In the new habitat it competed with other plants and formed dense mats which displaced these native species.
grows quickly and no predators, spread quickly and decline the biodiversity of affected areas.
definition of allelopathy
Allelopathy is when organisms release chemical substances into the environment to deter competitors.
example of allopathy
An example of this is the black walnut trees which release a compound called juglone into soil. This acts as a inhibitor, suppressing nearby plant growth.
This prevents other plants from developing roots well and photosynthesis, which decreases diversity.
invasive species name
Caulerpa taxifolia
name of allopathy
juglone
rate of respiration
change in level of tube/ time
stadge 1 of glycolysis and function
phosphoylation
use 2 atp to make glucose unstable
stadge 2 of glycolysis and function
lysis
breaks down glucose
stadge 3 of glycolysis and function
oxidation
makes reduced NADH
stadge 4 of glycolysis and function
atp formation
Substrate-level phosphorylation
makes atp from adp and pi
Regeneration of NAD allows
glycolysis to continue,
what is done to pyruvate in link?
Oxidation and decarboxylation of pyruvate as a link reaction
what makes aecetyl groups
lipids and carbohydrates are metabolized to form acetyl groups (2C)
,
which are transferred by coenzyme A to the Krebs cycle.
kreb forst 6c name
citrate
last kreb 4 c
oxaloacetate
citrate is made of
oxaloacetate and aecetyl coa
lipids have higher yield of energy per gram due to
less oxygen and more oxidizable hydrogen
and carbon.
glycolysis and anaerobic respiration occurring only
carbohydrate is the
substrate, if with 2C acetyl groups from the breakdown of fatty acids entering the pathway via acetyl-CoA
(acetyl coenzyme A).
