A8: Providing person-centred care Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
The purpose of the Mental Capacity (Amendment) Act 2019 in relation to healthcare
A
The mental capacity (amendment) act 2019 protects and supports the rights of individuals aged 16 or older who lack the mental capacity to make their own decisions
2
Q
why the 2019 Amendment replaced Liberty Protection Safeguards LPS
A
To improve and simplify the process of assessing mental capacity and the care that is required.
3
Q
key principles of the Care Act 2014
A
- Empowerment
- Protection
- Prevention
- Proportionality
- Partnership
- Accountability
4
Q
Regulatory bodies
A
- Care Quality Commission CQC
- Health and Safety Executive HSE
- General Dental Council GDC
- Nursing and Midwifery Council NMC
- Health and Care Professions Council HCPC
- Ofsted
- Information Commissioners Office ICO
5
Q
role of CQC
A
- Registering and licensing care services to ensure essential standards of quality and safety are met
- carrying out inspections of health and social care settings to monitor that the care provided continues to meet the standard requirements
- Publishing inspection reports whic hrate care settings
- Issuing cautions, warning notices and fines if standards are not met
- Providing recommendations of how the service can improve
- putting a care provider into special measures, this means informing them of improvements which hae to be made within a specified time limit and with re-inspection within 6 months
- closing down a service to protect service users if it does not improve and continues to provide inadequate care
6
Q
Aim of CQC
A
Ensure health and care services provide people with safe, effective, compassionate, high-quality care. the organisation focused on how services can improve
7
Q
impacts of regulatory inspections
A
- there is transparency about the standard of services being provided
- the public know that independent checks are carried out
- they give people confidence in the quality of health and care services
- the inspection grade may help individuals to choose whether or not to use that service
- the grades enable individuals to compare services and care settings
- they help practitioners do their job effectively, they know what needs to improve
8
Q
define ‘inspection’
A
the process of observing and carrying out checks to see whether services provided meet the required standards
9
Q
define ‘regulator’
A
independent organisation that carries out inspections to monitor and rate the quality of services provided
10
Q
define ‘transparency’
A
nothing is concealed, hidden or covered up, the inspections show things exactly as they are, whether good or bad
11
Q
Role of HSE
A
- Enforce health and safety law in the workplace by ensuring health and safety standards and regulations are followed
- Inspect health and care workplaces following health and safety incidents of a non-clinical nature
- Provide advice on health and safety in the workplace
- Improve health and safety in workplaces
12
Q
what is HSE?
A
Health and Safety Executive HSE is a national independent regulator for health and safety in the workplace.
13
Q
Regulations HSE investigate if not followed
A
- Manual Handling Operations Regulations 2002
- Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER) 1998
3.Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013 (RIDDOR) - Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
- Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations 1995
- Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH) 2002
14
Q
Define ‘Risk assessment’
A
The process of evaluating the likelihood of a hazard actually causing harm
15
Q
define ‘control measures’
A
actions that can be taken to reduce the risks posed by a hazard or to remove the hazard altogether
16
Q
What is the GDC
A
Statutory independent regulator for dental care professionals. Maintains a register of qualified dentists and other dental professionals.
17
Q
GDC will investigate when:
A
- serious or repeated mistakes in patient care
- failure to respond reasonably to a patient’s needs, necessary
- violence, discrimination, serious breaches of confidentiality and other inappropriate behaviour
18
Q
What is the NMC
A
Nursing Midwifery Council is a regulatory body of nurses and midwives and nursing associates. Establishes expectations of registered professionals (checked every 3 years).
19
Q
What is HCPC
A
Health and Care Professions Council HCPC is an organisation that regulates 15 health-related professionals such as
- physiotherapist
- orthotists
- speech and language therapists
sets standards for professionals’ educations, training and practice.
20
Q
define ‘prosthetist’
A
specialist in prosthetics, which are artificial replacements for a missing limb such as a leg, foot, hand or arm.
21
Q
define ‘Orthotist’
A
someone who makes splints or braces for weakened limbs for patients who require support due to an accident, injury or disease.
22
Q
What is Ofsted
A
government organisation thats inspects and regulates social care services that care for children and young people. Responsible for inspecting any services providing education and skills training for learners of all ages.
23
Q
what is ICO
A
Information Commissioners Office ICO is an independent body whose role is to uphold and promote information rights in the public interest, encouraging transparency in terms of data usage and data privacy for individuals. Carry out audits and advisory visits across health organisations in relation to personal data
24
Q
define ‘chronic’
A
an illness or condition that lasts longer than three months and is ongoing. it can be controlled but not cured
25
define 'osteoporosis'
causes a loss of bone density which weakens them and as a result they fracture easily
26
role of the practitioner in person-centred care
1. Adhere to policies and procedures
2. Assessment of needs
3. Discuss, explore, reassure
4. Develop positive relationships
5. Partnership working
6. Ensure access to services
7. Safeguard
8. Understand implications for wellbeing if not effectively supported
27
what does person-centred care mean?
it means practitioners working together with an individual to plan their care and support to meet their unique needs at their particular stage in life.
28
NHS core values
1. Compassion
2. Improving lives
3. Respect and Dignity
4. Commitment to quality of care
5. Working together for patients
6. Everyone counts
29
6 principles produced by the People and Communities Board (PCB)
1. Care and support are person-centred.
2. Services are created in partnership with citizens and communities so that they are relevant to local needs
3. the focus is on equality and narrowing inequalities in communities
4. carers are identified, supported and involved in delivering care
5. voluntary, community and social enterprise and housing sectors are involved as key partners and enablers, focusing on enabling individuals to take an active part in their own care
6. Volunteering and social action are recognised as key enablers to a healthier future.
30
define 'social prescribing'
when individuals are referred to support and help from the community in order to improve their health and wellbeing.
31
Personalisation means...
1. meeting individual needs
2. choice and control
3. personal budgets
4. independent living
5. making informed decisions
6. being empowered
32
What is a holistic approach?
taking account of the whole person and their life, not just the part that needs treatment or care.
33
what is Person-centred planning PCP
A holistic approach to planning places the person at the centre of their care and enables them to have a package of care put in place to support them, as an individual, to live as independently as possible
34
Steps to person-centred planning
1. the person is at the centre of the planning process, which is based on their individual preferences and identified needs
2. family and friends can be partners in the process
3. the plan will identify what is important to the person, both in the present and in the future, helping them to make informed choices
4. the plan helps the person to achieve what they wish for individually and in the community
5. the plan is reviewed and adapted over time as required to continue to meet the person's changing care needs
35
Hierarchy of the individual's needs (Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory)
1. physiological needs
2. safety and security
3. love and belonging
4. self-esteem
5. self-actualisation
36
define 'hierarchy'
an arrangement of things in order of importance
37
what is Palliative care
end of life care for individuals given a terminal diagnosis or are towards the end of their life. Provided by Hospices (specialist care settings)
38
importance of using holistic approaches
1. ensuring that any care provided is in the individuals best interest
2. complying with autonomous practice
3. encouraging engagement with healthcare and social care professionals and organisations
39
define 'ethics'
concerned with what is morally right or wrong
40
define 'autonomous'
able to act independently, having control; not being forced to do something
41
5 key principles to follow for 'best interests' decision making:
1. a presumption of capacity
2. individuals being supported to make their own decisions
3. unwise decision
4. best interests
5. the less restrictive option
42
range of communication techniques
1. verbal
2. nonverbal
43
Barriers to communication
1. sensory disorder
2.mental health condition
3. language barriers
4. time pressures
5. noisy environment
6. positioning of the individual from the healthcare professional
7. tension or conflict
44
How to overcome barriers to communication
1. actively listen
2. be active in involvement
3. provide access to information that is understandable
4. offer a choice of communication aids or supports that match their needs
5. offer the individual access to a range of support options and choices
45
define 'dynavox'
speech-generating software. a person touches a screen that contains text, pictures and symbols, then the software converts those symbols into speech
46
define 'lightwriter'
a text-to-speech device. a message is typed on a keyboard, displayed on a screen and then converted into speech
47
what is 'capacity'?
ability to make a decision, including understanding information and remembering it for long enough to make a decision, and to be able to communicate it to others
48
what is the purpose of the Mental Capacity Act 2005
provide a legal framework setting out key principles, procedures and safeguards to protect and empower those who are unable to make some of their own decisions
49
Conditions or illnesses
1. serious illness
2. neurological conditions
3. physical disabilities
50
considerations when providing person-centred care to people with pre-existing conditions or living with illness
1. social model of disability and inclusion
2. ongoing treatments
3. overall wellbeing
4. follow the person-centred plan
5. co-morbidity and the impact on the individual and their family
6. assessment of need
7. discharge planning
8. mental capacity
9. individual's rights and wishes
10. access to community provision
11. access to additional secondary services
12. financial circumstances
13. carer's assessment
51
Aspects of daily life impacted by long-term conditions
1. washing and dressing
2. shopping
3. finance
4. can cause self-neglect
5. mobility
6. speech
7. social interaction
52
potential ongoing treatments
1. medications/drug therapy
2. occupational therapy
3. dietary changes
4. relaxation techniques
5. counselling
6. complementary therapies
53
what is 'co-morbidity'?
the presence of 2 or more diseases or medical conditions occurring in a patient at the same time
54
Assessment of need
1. Assess
2. Plan
3. implement
4. Monitor
5. Review and revise
55
discharge assessment
1. details of the treatment and support received when discharged
2. who will be responsible for providing support and how to contact them
3. when and how often support will be provided
4. how the support will be monitored and reviewed.
5. the name of the person co-ordinating the care plan
6. who to contact if there is an emergency or if things do not work as they should
7. information about any charges that will be made (if applicable)
56
A carer's assessment
1. carried out by social services and enables the carer to meet with a social worker
2. Gives the carer a formal opportunity to discuss their needs and identify any help or support required to continue caring for the individual
3. aims to ensure that the carer is fully supported, in order to look after their own health and wellbeing as well as that of the individual they are supporting.
57
How mental health conditions, dementia and learning disabilities can influence a person's needs in relation to overall care
1. physical support requirements such as a social worker
2. communication support requirements
3. reduced ability to self-care
4. increased movement requirements
5. behaviour support
6. support for social inclusion
58
behaviour factors with how mental health conditions, dementia and learning disabilities can influence a person's needs in relation to overall care
1. behaviour that challenges
59
comprehension factors and how they affect mental health conditions, dementia and learning disabilities can influence a person's needs in relation to overall care
1. anxiety around care can be an issue
2. lack of understanding of the care to be provided
3. impaired rationality around the condition or support requirements
3. some mental health conditions (dissociative conditions) can affect a person's sense of who they are and may be disconnected from reality
4. awareness of possible abuse
5. refusal of treatment
6. perceived stigma attached to conditions and disabilities
60
aspects to consider when providing care to those with mental health conditions, dementia and learning disabilities
1. individual needs and preferences
2. informed choice
3. active support
4. aids and adaptations
5. health and safety
61
how to promote independence and self care
1. individuals should have involvement, choice and control over their self-care
2. individuals should have access to support networks, appropriate information, and learning opportunities
3. support in risk management and risk taking will maximise independence and choice
4. individuals should be supported to identify their strengths, assess their needs and gain the confidence to self care.
5. assistive-technology should be available to support an individual's ability to live independently
62
How to positively impact the healthcare sector
1. improve self-esteem and independence of the individual. getting them involved gives individuals choice and control
2. improved partnership working encourages services and practitioners to work together to deliver care
3. improved efficiency of staff time within the healthcare service as there are fewer complaints if the care is planned using a person-centred approach
63
5 stages of grief
1. denial and isolation
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance
64
what is bereavement?
the sense of loss when someone close passes away
65
role of healthcare professionals in providing person-centred care for the individual during the active dying phase
1. provide support to both the individual and to family/carers
2. involving the individual and families in decisions about their care and wishes
3. involvement of multi-agency teams where required in the care of the individual
66
end of life care:
1. identify where they wish to die
2. state their priorities
3. make choices about types of treatment they want
4. decide the types of treatment they do not want
5. reduce the risk of conflicting decisions later in the care process
6. make professionals aware of their wishes
67
how to support people with bereavement
1. providing a safe and comfortable environment and suitable resources
2. providing emotional support
3. using active listening techniques
68
how to communicate with families when supporting people with bereavement
1. understanding that families may have an emotional reaction
2. remembering the duty of candour to be honest and open about the provision of care and treatment
3. acknowledge cultural/religious rituals with bereaved individuals
4. signposting to applicable services
69
6Cs
1. Care
2. Compassion
3. Communication
4. Courage
5. Commitment
6. Competence
70
practising and promoting the 6Cs
1. providing choice and gaining consent
2. ensuring privacy and dignity
3. respecting individuals
4. following the duty of care
5. dealing with conflicts between rights and duty of care
6. ensuring partnership working
7. ensuring honesty
8. prevent discrimination
9. escalating concerns
71
importance of managing relationships with boundaries
1. protects those providing and receiving care
2. avoids misinterpretation of roles
3. helps prevent potential abuse
72
how to work within parameters
1. adhere to regulatory bodies standards of professionalism
2. professional conversations
