AAW - Behavioral Flashcards
(51 cards)
berkson bias
a study looking at only inpatients
example of measurement bias
Hawthorne effect — groups
who know they’re being
studied behave differently
than they would otherwise
example of observer-expectancy bias
aka self-fulfilling prophecy
confounding bias
Pulmonary disease is more common in coal workers than the general population; however, people who work in coal mines also smoke more frequently than the general population
lead time bias
Early detection makes it seem as
though survival has increased,
but the natural history of the
disease has not changed
type 1 vs type two error
1 - you saw a difference that did not exist
2 - you were blind to a difference that exists
coprolalia
involuntary obscene speech seen in 10-20% of tourettes patiets
what is it called if a kid uses his anger towards his father to do well is sports
sublimation
rett disorder
X-linked disorder seen almost exclusively in girls (affected males die in utero or shortly after birth).
Symptoms usually become apparent around ages 1–4, including regression characterized by
loss of development, loss of verbal abilities, intellectual disability, ataxia, and stereotyped handwringing.
less dopamine,
more 5-HT,
more ACh
parkinsons
more norepinephrine,
less GABA, less 5-HT
Anxiety
less GABA,
less ACh,
more dopamine
huntingtons
what neurotransmitter changes are seen in alzheimers
decrease in ACh
what neurotransmitter changes are seen in schizophrenia
increased dopamine
schizophreniform disorder
only lasting 1-6 months
schizoaffective disorder
at least 2 weeks of stable mood with psychotic symptoms, plus a major depressive, manic, or mixed episode
2 subtypes: bipolar or depressive
new name for multile personality disorder
dissociative identity disorder
hypomanic episode
not the lack of mania,
the mania just is less severe and doesn’t have any psychotic features
three treatments for bipolar disorder
lituim, valproic acid, carbamazepine
mood stabilizers
if a clinician is asking a patient if they have repeated nighttime awakenings, and early morning awakenings what psychiatric disorder may they be screening for
depression
agoraphobia
exaggerated fear of open or enclosed places, using public transportation, being in
line or in crowds, or leaving home alone.
somatoform disorders i.e. somatic symptom disorder
unexplained symptoms or complaints with no conscious attempt to deceive
factitious disorders
unexplained symptoms or complaints with a conscious attempt to deceive. Chief goal is psychological gain
e.g. munchausen, munchausen by proxy
malingering
unexplained symptoms or complaints with a conscious attempt to attain a secondary gain (avoiding work, etc.)
