Abdomen

Question 1

Peritoneum

Answer 1

double layer system of serous membrane covering abdominal organs

Question 2

Solid Viscera organs

Answer 2

adrenal glands
liver
ovaries
pancreas
spleen
uterus

Question 3

hollow viscera organs

Answer 3

bladder
colon
gallbladder
small intestine

Question 4

when are hollow viscera organs palpable?

Answer 4

only in the setting of pressure or inflammation
-typically not palpable

Question 5

costovertebral angle

Answer 5

near the kidneys
- 12th posterior rib
test used for pyelonephritis

Question 6

lower UTI

Answer 6

bladder and below

Question 7

upper UTI

Answer 7

Pyelonephritis
above the bladder

Question 8

what type of UTI is harder to treat?

Answer 8

upper UTI

Question 9

LUQ organs

Answer 9

kidney (L)
Liver (left lobe)
Pancreas (Body)
Stomach
Colon (descending/ transverse)

Question 10

If spleen is damaged/ post mono you can not….

Answer 10

play contact sports for 2 months

Question 11

RUQ organs

Answer 11

Colon (ascending/ transverse)
Duodenum
Gallbladder
Liver
Pancreas (head)

Question 12

what quadrant is the majority of the liver in?

Answer 12

RUQ

Question 13

what quadrant is the majority of the stomach in?

Answer 13

LUQ

Question 14

What quadrant is slightly more tender than the others?

Answer 14

LLQ

Question 15

LLQ organs

Answer 15

ovary/tube
ureter
descending colon
Sigmoid colon

Question 16

RLQ organs

Answer 16

Appendix
cecum
ovary
ureter

Question 17

age related changes in older adults

Answer 17

constipation
decreased peristalsis
dehydration
bowel obstruction
decreased activity
more meds
low fiber
hypothyroidism

Question 18

what is a normal stool pattern?

Answer 18

varies from patient to patient
- at least 3 per week

Question 19

symptoms to evaluate for bowel movement

Answer 19

strain
stool consistency
feeling (incomplete evacuation)

Question 20

acute high or low sodium can cause ….?

Answer 20

seizures

Question 21

high or low potassium may cause..?

Answer 21

heart arrhythmias or heart attacks

Question 22

visceral pain descriptors

Answer 22

dull, general

Question 23

parietal pain descriptors

Answer 23

sharp, localized

Question 24

referred pain

Answer 24

pain felt somewhere other than the source

Question 25

example of visceral pain

Answer 25

menstrual cramps gallstones pancreatitis (organs)

Question 26

hematemesis

Answer 26

bloody vomit

Question 27

what can be the cause of hematemesis ?

Answer 27

GI ulcers

Question 28

Melena

Answer 28

coffee ground stool, tarry, Occult blood

Question 29

Gray stool

Answer 29

hepatitis

Question 30

Bright red blood per rectum

Answer 30

lower GI bleed / hemorrhoids

Question 31

dysphagia

Answer 31

difficulty swallowing

Question 32

pyrosis

Answer 32

heartburn

Question 33

what med group can cause peptic ulcers/ GI issues?

Answer 33

NSAIDS

Question 34

Absent bowel sounds over 5 mins is ?

Answer 34

a medical emergency

Question 35

what is the order for abdominal exam

Answer 35

IAPP inspection auscultation percussion palpation

Question 36

scaphoid stomach

Answer 36

concave/ sunken

Question 37

protuberant

Answer 37

bulging or rounded - obesity - pathology

Question 38

stomach descriptors

Answer 38

flat scaphoid rounded protuberant

Question 39

Hernia

Answer 39

protrusion of bowel through muscle wall

Question 40

Striae

Answer 40

broken elastic fibers of the skin associated with weight gain, pregnancy, Cushing syndrome - stretch marks

Question 41

Borborygmus

Answer 41

HYPERactive bowel sounds

Question 42

what is normal bowel sounds frequency?

Answer 42

5-30/min

Question 43

normal sounding bowels?

Answer 43

gurgling high pitched irregular cascading

Question 44

how do you check accuracy of NG tube placement?

Answer 44

X-ray pH

Question 45

Normal sound of percussion on the abdomen

Answer 45

tympany

Question 46

what direction will you percuss?

Answer 46

clockwise

Question 47

light palpation depresses..

Answer 47

1 cm

Question 48

acute involuntary rigidity of the stomach can be associated with

Answer 48

peritonitis surgical emergency

Question 49

deep palpation depresses...

Answer 49

5-8 cm

Question 50

what technique is used for deep palpation?

Answer 50

bimanual technique

Question 51

the sigmoid colon is where and associated with what?

Answer 51

LLQ mild tenderness

Question 52

mass evaluation

Answer 52

consistency location mobility pulsatility shape/ size tenderness

Question 53

Liver description

Answer 53

firm regular ridge, may not be palpable in a healthy adult

Question 54

Spleen evaluation

Answer 54

NOT palpable in a healthy patient - use " duck bill: position to evaluate