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ARDMS ABD A&P > Abdominal Vasculature A&P > Flashcards

Abdominal Vasculature A&P Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

the aorta originates at ______

A

the left ventricle of the heart

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2
Q

3 layers of the vessels

A

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia/externa

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3
Q

the first main visceral branch of the AO

A

celiac trunk

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4
Q

the celiac trunk branches into (3)

A

splenic artery
common hepatic artery
left gastric artery

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5
Q

the splenic artery has ______ resistance flow

A

low

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6
Q

the common hepatic artery branches into the _______ at the level of the ________

A

gastroduodenal artery at the level of the pancreatic head

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7
Q

the ______ artery branches off the right hepatic artery

A

cystic

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8
Q

the common hepatic artery has ______ resistance and ______ flow

A

low and hepatopetal

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9
Q

the second main branch of the aorta

A

SMA

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10
Q

the SMA supplies blood to (3)

A

parts of the small intestines
some of the colon
pancreas

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11
Q

the SMA has _____ resistance flow when fasting

A

high

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12
Q

the SMA has _____ resistance flow 30 to 90 minutes postprandial

A

low

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13
Q

the third main visceral branches of the aorta

A

renal arteries

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14
Q

RRA travels _____ to the IVC

A

posterior

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15
Q

LRA travels _____ to the LRV

A

posterior

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16
Q

renal arteries have _____ resistance flow

A

low

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17
Q

fourth main branches of the aorta

A

gonadal arteries

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18
Q

the IMA supplies blood to (3)

A

transverse colon
descending colon
rectum

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19
Q

the aorta bifurcates at or near the level of the _____ and become the ______

A

umbilicus
right and left common iliac arteries

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20
Q

the common iliac arteries further divide into the

A

external and internal iliac arteries

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21
Q

normal diameter of the prox AO

A

2.5 cm

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22
Q

normal diameter of the mid AO

A

2.0 cm or less

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23
Q

normal diameter of the dist AO

A

less than 1.8 cm

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24
Q

normal diameter of the common iliac arteries

A

8 to 10 mm

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25
common iliac artery aneurysm diameter
greater than 2.0 cm
26
prox AO is ______ resistance
low
27
dist AO is _____ resistance and ______
high triphasic
28
abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter
greater than 3 cm
29
most AAAs are true aneurysm meaning
involves all 3 layers
30
most common shape of AAAs
fusiform = gradual enlargement
31
most common location of AAAs
infrarenal
32
most common cause of AAAs
atherosclerosis
33
AAAs have been associated with (4)
1. Marfan syndrome 2. syphilis 3. familial inheritance 4. infection
34
aneurysm caused by infection
mycotic aneurysm
35
AAAs are usually asymptomatic but a patient can experience (5)
1. pulsating abdominal mass 2. abdominal bruit 3. back pain 4. ABD pain 5. LE pain
36
complications of AAAs (4)
1. distal embolism 2. infection 3. dissection 4. rupture
37
treatments for AAAs include (2)
1. open surgery 2. endovascular aortic stent graft repair (EVAR)
38
3 grafts for AAAs
1. straight tube graft 2. bifurcated tube graft 3. uni-iliac graft
39
2 types true aneurysms
1. saccular 2. fusiform
40
intimate flap within the aorta lumen
aortic dissection
41
those who have _____ are at an increased risk for aortic dissection
marfan syndrome
42
symptoms of aortic dissection (5)
1. intense chest pain 2. hypertension 3. ABD pain 4. lower back pain 5. neurological symptoms
43
abdominal aortic ruptured have high ____ and _____ rates
mortality and morbidity
44
aneurysms greater than ____ in diameter are more prone to rupture
7 cm
45
abdominal aortic rupture symptoms are consistent AAAs with the addition of decreased _____ and ______
hematocrit and hypotension
46
contained rupture
pseudoaneurysm / false aneurysm
47
pseudoaneurysms may be associated with _______
infection
48
pseudoaneurysms are common within the _____ at the level of the ______
groin femoral artery
49
treatment for a pseudoaneurysm includes (2)
1. prolonged compression 2. ultrasound guided thrombin injections
50
what are the 4 sections of the IVC
1. hepatic 2. prerenal 3. renal 4. postrenal
51
most superior branch of the IVC
hepatic veins
52
the hepatic veins course ____ to the ____
posterior to the caudate lobe
53
hepatic vein flow is _____ and ______
pulsatile and triphasic
54
occlusion of the hepatic veins occurs in _____
Budd Chiari syndrome
55
enlargement of the hepatic veins is due to _____
right sided heart failure
56
renal veins are ____ velocity and _____ flow
low velocity and continuous flow
57
LRV is anterior to the ____ and ____
LRA and AO
58
retroaortic LRV means
LRV is posterior to the AO
59
the right renal vein connects to the
IVC
60
left gonadal vein drains into the
LRV
61
the right and left common iliac veins combine near the ______ to form the ____
umbilicus IVC
62
IVC diameter should never exceed
2.5 cm
63
near the heart the IVC is _____ and is more ____ near the common iliac veins
pulsatile near the heart phasic near the common iliac veins
64
most common findings of IVC thrombosis (3)
1. IVC enlargement 2. absence of flow 3. material noted within lumen
65
acute thrombosis may be completely
anechoic
66
with time, thrombus will become more ____ and may even ____
more echogenic and may even calcify
67
______ is used to trap emboli that could be traveling upstream and prevent _____
Greenfield IVC filter prevent pulmonary embolus
68
tumor invasion of the IVC is associated with
renal cell carcinoma
69
_____ and ____ may attack the IVC
wilm's tumor and renal cell carcinoma
70
tumor invasion of the IVC occurs more commonly on the
RRV
71
most common cause of enlargement of the IVC
right sided heart failure
72
portal splenic confluence collects blood from the ____ and _____
intestines and spleen
73
portal vein flow is ____ and ____
hepatopetal and monophasic
74
abnormal connection between arteries and veins
arteriovenous fistulas
75
arteriovenous fistulas result from simultaneous
puncture of a vein and artery from trauma or biopsy
76
direct communications between arteries and veins
arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
77
arteriovenous malformations (AVM) can be _____ or caused by (4)
congenital 1. surgery 2. malignancy 3. biopsy 4. trauma
78
arteriovenous malformations (AVM) exhibit _____ flow and ________ of vascular structures
turbulent flow focal accumulation of vascular structures
79
the common hepatic artery divides into the
proper hepatic artery gastroduodenal artery
80
the right gastric artery is a branch of the
proper hepatic artery
81
the gastroduodenal artery divides into the
right gastroepiploic artery superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

ARDMS ABD A&P (14 decks)

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