AC 1.1-crime & deviance Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is crime?
-Behaviour that breaks the formal laws of society, is considered to disrupted that the state needs to step in to forbid and punish them by law
-Actus reus and Mens rea (Guilty act and guilty mind) are both needed to prevent a blameless person from conviction
what is a summary offence?
Less serious crimes
(eg speeding)
takes place in a magistrates court
what is an indictable offence?
more serious crimes
(eg murder, rape)
takes place in a crown court with 12 civilian at a jury and a senior judge. judge will sentence them.
what are the 6 subject matter of offences?
1)non fatal offences against a person (assault, battery, GBH, ABH)
2)fatal offences against a person (murder, manslaughter)
3)sexual offences (rape, sex trafficking, grooming)
4) offences against property (theft, robbery, bulgary)
5)drug offences (possession of controlled drugs, intent to supply)
6)public order offences (riot, violence disorders, affray)
what are the 7 formal sanctions and what do they mean?
1)Custodial sentences: most serious. can mean prison for young offenders. varied sentencing (days-years). murder= mandatory life imprisonment. indefinite=danger to public and released based on parole board decision.
2)community sentences: sanctions in wider community, Eg probation orders, restrictions, anger management classes etc
3)Fines: financial penalties. size of fines depends on seriousness of the offence, previous convictions and ability to pay. many pay in instalments.
4) Absolute discharge: technically guilty but no consequences
5) conditional discharge: offender must not commit further offences in a given period. will receive more severe sentences if do.
6) police sanctions: cops may issue a sanction without court proceedings. given to anyone 10+ for minor low level first offences.
conditional caution: offender must meet certain requirements (eg drug treatment) fail=criminal convictions.
what is deviance and what are the 3 different kinds?
-any violation of society’s norms/going against what’s expected behavior (excessive tattoos) it causes disapproval
-can be unusual but good (saving someone from a fire)
-unusual and eccentric (having 40 cats)
-unusual and bad (skipping queue)
what is moral code?
basic set of rules, values and principles held by an individual, group, organization or society
what are the 4 different types of sanctions?
1)formal: imposed by official bodies (police, courts, schools) punished for breaking written rules
2)informal: used for unofficial “unspoken” rules that people are expected to be aware of
3)positive sanctions: rewarded for showing behavior people approve of
4)Negative sanctions: Punished for showing behaviour people dont approve of but is informal (eg refusing to speak to someone)
what is social control?
all sanctions=socia control. encourages or discourages negative behaviour to reduce deviant behaviours.
