AC 3.3

Question 1

Repeat offending

Answer 1

• overall recidivism rate is 30%
• those who reoffend, commit 4 more crimes on average.
• around 40% of juvenile offenders, re-offend within a year.

Question 2

Rising prison population

Answer 2

• population is double what is what in 1993
• longer sentences is a reason

Question 3

Who re-offends?

Answer 3

• offenders who served a prison sentence are more likely to re-offend to those who received a warning or a community sentence
• males are more likely to re-offend than females.
• offenders with drug addictions, alcohol addictions or homeless.

Question 4

Theory

Answer 4

Right realists - argue that prison works. Offenders are rational actors so fear jail. However, high re-offending rates show this is false.
Marxists - argue its not surprising that unemployed offenders are more likely to re-offend since they have little chance of meeting their needs.

Question 5

Human rights abuses

Answer 5

• some countries cannot control their citizens to behave as the state wishes.

Question 6

What are civil liberties

Answer 6

Basic rights and freedom guarenteed to every human by the government

Question 7

Examples of civil liberties

Answer 7

• freedom of speech
• freedom of movement
• freedom from detention without trial.

Question 8

Access to resources in prison

Answer 8

• offenders need resources and help for the prison to rehabilitate them otherwise they will just re-offend.

Question 9

Support inside prison (problems)

Answer 9

• short sentences do not give enough time for the offender to rehabilitate.
• 15% cut in prison officers means they aren’t enough officers to look out for offenders.

Question 10

Support when released

Answer 10

• prisoners earn v little when working in prison
• they only receive £46 on release.
• homelessness, 1 in 9 prisoners have no accommodation upon release.

Question 11

Friday prison release

Answer 11

• everything is shut on weekends. This means that prisoners cannot access things like banks until 3 days after they’ve been released.

Question 12

Finance - police

Answer 12

Between 2010-2018 the polices finance dropped by 19%.
- this led to a loss of 20,000 police officers and a national shortage of detectives.
- police dropped 2.6 times the amount of cases in 2017 compared to 2016.

Question 13

Finance - CPS

Answer 13

• between 2010 and 2018 budget was cut by 25%
• organisation lost one third of their staff.
• been accused of downgrading cases so they can process them in magistrates court.

Question 14

Finance - prisons

Answer 14

• ## between 2010 and 2018 budget was cut by 16%, staff levels have fallen by 15% and many experienced officers left the service.

Question 15

Finance - probation service

Answer 15

Glenys Stacey’s 2019 annual report highlighted:
- national staff shortage and over reliance on agency staff
- sub standard performance
-shortcomings in keeping victims safe.