ACC - family Flashcards
(5 cards)
Introduction
A Christmas Carol is a powerful allegorical novella written in 1843, exploring the human transformation of the protagonist, Scrooge. Dickens utilises the important theme of family as a source of warmth, joy, and moral guidance, contrasting it with isolation and selfishness. Through the Cratchits, Scrooge’s nephew Fred, and Scrooge’s own rebirth, Dickens shows that family is essential to a meaningful life.
Paragraph 1 - Cratchit family
Dickens directly chose to contrast Scrooge’s isolation with the Cratchit family who represent love and unity despite poverty. They are described as “happy, grateful and pleased with one another,” even though they are impoverished and have very little. This reveals to the reader that the Cratchits’ happiness comes from being together rather than material wealth. Tiny Tim, the youngest Cratchit, is especially symbolic of innocence and hope. His famous line, “God bless us, every one!” unites the family and reminds Scrooge—and the reader—of the value of compassion and care. Dickens uses the Cratchit family to show that family is a moral compass and a source of joy.
Paragraph 2 - Fred
Fred acts as a foil to Scrooge, embodying the warmth of family that Scrooge initially rejects. Fred views Christmas as a “kind, forgiving, charitable, pleasant time,” emphasising the emotional warmth he associates with family. His repeated invitations given to Scrooge show persistence and unconditional love, even when Scrooge mocks him through exclaiming “Bah humbug!” Fred’s laughter and cheerfulness contrast with Scrooge’s bitterness, highlighting how family can offer a new, positive perspective on life. Through Fred, Dickens suggests that family is forgiving and always open to reconciliation.
Paragraph 3 - Scrooge’s transformation
Finally, Scrooge’s transformation is deeply tied to his reconnection with family. At the start, he is described as “solitary as an oyster,” closed off from all human connection. However, by the end, he seeks out Fred and becomes “a second father” to Tiny Tim. This brief but powerful phrase illustrates how Scrooge embraces a caring, paternal role, symbolising his emotional rebirth. Dickens uses this transformation to argue that rekindling with family is not just important—it is life-changing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Dickens presents family as the heart of human happiness and moral goodness. Through the Cratchits, Fred, and Scrooge’s change, he shows that family offers love, forgiveness, and redemption. The novella ultimately teaches that no matter how lost someone may be, the warmth of family can bring them back.
