Accents and Dialects AO2

Question 1

Basil Bernstein

Answer 1

suggested working class use ‘restricted’ code and middle class use ‘elaborate’ code

Question 2

How does restricted code effect working class children?

Answer 2

despite having the same level of education, working class did not perform as well as middle class

Question 3

Features of restricted code

Answer 3

short, simple incomplete sentences
limited vocab
frequent use of fillers

Question 4

features of elaborate code

Answer 4

complex sentences
extended vocab
lack of ellipsis

Question 5

what did Labov Martha’s Vineyard study?

Answer 5

diphthong phonemes /au/ and /ai/

Question 6

what did Labov find?

Answer 6

local people and up-islanders pronounced diphthongs in similar ways
did this to distance themselves from tourists

Question 7

what did Labov New York research study?

Answer 7

pronunciation of the vocalic /r/ in departments stores

Question 8

what did labov (New York) find?

Answer 8

the higher the social class the more frequent /r/ in speech

Question 9

what did Trudgills Norwich research study?

Answer 9

the non standard -in form in different social classes

Question 10

what did Trudgill find?

Answer 10

the proportion of walkin type forms was higher in lower social classes
-in occurred more in mens speech

Question 11

what did Jenny Cheshire study?

Answer 11

non standard forms in gangs

Question 12

what did Jenny Cheshire find?

Answer 12

high levels of non standard forms in gangs

Question 13

what did the Milroys Belfast research study?

Answer 13

the langauge of working-class communities in Belfast