Gender

Question 1

Jennifer Coates

Answer 1

Women avoid face threatening acts by using words such as ‘perhaps’ and ‘sort of’
This is female cooperation and speaker support

Question 2

Sara mills

Answer 2

Males terms have positive connotations
Female terms have negative connotations

Question 3

Deborah tannen (difference model)

Answer 3

Women’s language is different to mens
Status vs support
Independence vs intimacy
Advice vs understanding
Information vs feelings
Orders vs proposals
Conflicts vs compromise

Question 4

Jean pilkington

Answer 4

Women in same sex talk are more collaborative than men
Women aim for positive politeness

Question 5

Robin lakoff (deficit model)

Answer 5

Female language is seen as deficient compared to mens
Womens language lacks authority
Suggests features of womens language such as tag questions, fillers
Less direct and essertive

Question 6

Pamela fishman

Answer 6

Conversations between sexes fail due to mens response
Men speak twice as long as women

Question 7

Janet homes

Answer 7

Women prefer cooperative style of conversation
Tag questions are used to maintain discussion or be polite
Challenges layoff and said tag questions are multifunctional not weakness

Question 8

Koenraad kuiper

Answer 8

In all male talk in a rugby team men were more likely to pay less attention
Used insults as a way of expressing solidarity

Question 9

Jane pilkington (men)

Answer 9

Men are less complimentary and supportive in all male talk

Question 10

Zimmerman and west

Answer 10

Men interrupt more

Question 11

Peter Trudgill

Answer 11

Studied -Ing in Norwich
Men tended to use more non standard forms

Question 12

Jenny Cheshire

Answer 12

Supports trudgill
Boys use more non standard forms than girls