Acids

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

Dissolves in water to produce H+ ions

Question 2

Base

Answer 2

Any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only

Question 3

Alkali

Answer 3

A soluble base that dissolves in water to produce OH- ions

Question 4

Strong acids

Answer 4

Fully dissociate into ions when dissolved in water

Question 5

Weak acids

Answer 5

Only partially dissociate into ions when dissolved in water

Question 6

Concentrated acids

Answer 6

High number of H+ ions dissolve per dm^3

Question 7

Dilute acids

Answer 7

Low number of H+ ions dissolve per dm^3

Question 8

pH scale

Answer 8

1-6 acid, 7 neutral, 8-14 alkali

Question 9

What happens to the amount of H+ ions as we move down the pH scale?

Answer 9

x10 H+ ions (eg. pH 1 has 1x10^-1 H+ ions (mol/dm^3) and pH 2 has 1x10^-2 H+ ions (mol/dm^3))

Question 10

Indicator

Answer 10

A substance that changes colour depending on pH

Question 11

Litmus

Answer 11

Red in acid, blue in alkali

Question 12

Methyl orange

Answer 12

Red in acid, yellow in alkali

Question 13

Phenolphthalein

Answer 13

Colourless in acid, pink in alkali

Question 14

pH probe

Answer 14

Displays reading of pH in numbers

Question 15

Acid + metal —>

Answer 15

Salt + hydrogen

Question 16

Acid + metal oxide —>

Answer 16

Salt + water

Question 17

Acid + metal hydroxide —>

Answer 17

Salt + water

Question 18

Acid + alkali —>

Answer 18

Salt + water

Question 19

Acid + metal carbonate —>

Answer 19

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 20

Common acids and their salts

Answer 20

Hydrochloride acid - metal chlorides (Cl^-)
Sulphuric acid - metal sulphates (SO4^2-)
Nitric acid - metal nitrates (NO3^-