Acids Bases Flashcards
(25 cards)
Acts as both a base and acid
amphoteric (or amphiprotic)
Common amphoteric substance
H20
HCO3 (bicarbonate)
produce hydrogen ions (H+) when they dissolve in water
are also electrolytes, because they produce H+ in water.
Arrhenius Acid
Acids with a hydrogen ion (H+) and a polyatomic ion are named by changing the end of the name of the polyatomic ion from
ate to ic acid
or
ite to ous acid
Acids with a hydrogen ion (H+) and a nonmetal (or CN−) ion are named with the prefix hydro and end with ic acid
e.g., hydrochloric acid
Arrhenius bases
produce hydroxide ions (OH−) in water
Also electrolytes
According to the Brønsted–Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that ____ H+
donates
According to the Brønsted–Lowry theory, a base is a substance that ____ H+
accepts
Water ___ H+ when it reacts with a stronger base
donates
Water ___ H+ when it reacts with a stronger acid
accepts
Hydrofluoric acid, HF, is the only ___ that forms a weak acid
halogen
Weak acids only ___ in water
partially dissociate
A strong acid completely ___ in aqueous solutions
ionizes (100%)
Strong bases form from
metals of Groups 1A (1) and 2A (2).
Strong acids have ___ conjugate bases that do not readily accept H+.
weak
In any acid–base reaction, there are two acids and two bases…
However, one acid is stronger than the other acid, and one base is stronger than the other base
Weak acids have ____ Ka values, while strong acids have ___ Ka values
small
very large
pH = −log[H3O+]
pH
carbonic acid
h2CO3
bicarbonate
HCO3-
Carbonic is closely associated with levels of ___
CO2
CO2 level rise, then carbonic acid rises, producing more ___ and leads to acidosis
H30+
A buffer solution contains a combination of acid–base conjugate pairs, a weak acid, and ___ of its conjugate base
a salt
has equal concentrations of a weak acid and its salt.
If you breath fast, CO2 is expelled more quickly, and equilibrium shifts to lower _____, thus raising pH
H30+
and becoming more basic
