Activity 3: Specimen Collection and Preparation of Samples

Question 1

needle gauge: orange

Answer 1

25

Question 2

needle gauge: purple

Answer 2

24

Question 3

needle gauge: blue

Answer 3

23

Question 4

needle gauge: black

Answer 4

22

Question 5

needle gauge: green

Answer 5

21

Question 6

needle gauge: yellow

Answer 6

20

Question 7

needle gauge: cream

Answer 7

19

Question 8

needle gauge: pink

Answer 8

18

Question 9

needle gauge: red-purple

Answer 9

17

Question 10

needle gauge: white

Answer 10

16

Question 11

Order of Draw for syringe and ETS

Answer 11

1. blood culture
2. sodium citrate tubes
3. serum tubes
4. heparin tubes
5. EDTA tubes
6. Glycolytic inhibitors

Question 12

order of draw for capillary tubes

Answer 12

1. blood gas
2. slides
3. EDTA
4. heparin
5. glycolytic iinhibitor
6. serum

Question 13

additive and use: yellow top

Answer 13

sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) for blood culture
acid citrate dextrose (ACD) for blood banking, HLA phenotyping, paternity tests

Question 14

additive and use: light blue

Answer 14

3.2% sodium citrate or CTAD for coagulation determination

Question 15

additive and use: black

Answer 15

3.8% sodium citrate for sedimentation rate

Question 16

additive and use: gold

Answer 16

serum separator tube (SST) for routine chemistry and serology tests

Question 17

additive and use: red glass

Answer 17

no additive for serology and chemistry

Question 18

additive and use: red plastic

Answer 18

clot activator for routine serology and chemistry

Question 19

additive and use: orange

Answer 19

thrombin-based clot activator for STAT serum chemistry determination

Question 20

additive and use: light green

Answer 20

plasma separator tube with lithium heparin for plasma chemistry determinations

Question 21

additive and use: green

Answer 21

sodium or lithium heparin for plasma chemistry

Question 22

additive and use: lavender glass

Answer 22

liquid K2EDTA for hematology

Question 23

additive and use: lavender plastic

Answer 23

spray K3EDTA for hematology

Question 24

additive and use: pink plastic

Answer 24

spray K3 EDTA for bloodbanking, donor screening and crossmatching

Question 25

additive and use: tan

Answer 25

K2 EDTA for lead determination

Question 26

additive and use: white

Answer 26

K2EDTA with gel for PCR and DNA amplification

Question 27

additive and use: gray

Answer 27

potassium ocalate and sodium fluoride for glucose determinations

Question 28

interferences in coagulation testing

Answer 28

1. prolinged tourniquet 2. contamination with tissue thromboplastin 3. contact with inappropriate specimen container 4. improper temperature 5. hemolysis (like thromboplastin)

Question 29

mechanism of inhibition of sodium citrate

Answer 29

bind to ionized calcium

Question 30

concentration of 3.2% Sodium citrate

Answer 30

0.109 M

Question 31

concentration of 3.8% sodium citrate

Answer 31

0.129 M

Question 32

increased hematocrit values or incomplete filling of the tube causes

Answer 32

increased clotting time

Question 33

formula of volume to be added to 0.5 mL 0.109 M sodium citrate

Answer 33

60 / (100- hct) x 4.5

Question 34

preferred anticoagulant for platelet counts

Answer 34

EDTA

Question 35

EDTA mechanism of action

Answer 35

chelation or binding of calcium ions

Question 36

optimal EDTA concentration

Answer 36

1.5 mg/ mL

Question 37

can be used for platelet retention test

Answer 37

heparin

Question 38

blood contact with glass surfaces affect what contact factors

Answer 38

Factors XI and XII (shortern intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, there fore use plastic, polystyrene or silicon coated)

Question 39

factors that will deteriorate in room temperature

Answer 39

labile factors V and VIII

Question 40

factors that are activated prematurely by the cold

Answer 40

factors VII and XI

Question 41

preserves labile factors V and VIII and sensitive to heparin therapy monitoring

Answer 41

trisodium citrate

Question 42

for people with normal hematocrits, ratio of blood to citrate is

Answer 42

9:1

Question 43

EDTA cannot be used for coagulation studies due to 2 reasons

Answer 43

1. inhibits fibrinogen-thrombin reaction 2. unstable factor V

Question 44

mechanism of action of heparin

Answer 44

acts with anti-thrombin III and inhibits reaction at all stages of coagulation

Question 45

pH increase by loss of CO2 can cause

Answer 45

prolonged clotting times

Question 46

for most coagulation tests, this specimen is required

Answer 46

platelet free plasma

Question 47

plasma should be immediately tested or if not

Answer 47

stored at refrigerator temperature for not more than 2 hrs

Question 48

samples should not be _____ if testing can be done within ____

Answer 48

frozen, 2 hrs

Question 49

ice particles form with slow freezing which will

Answer 49

denature clotting proteins

Question 50

if freezing is necessary, it should be done ____

Answer 50

rapidly at -20° C

Question 51

stable at 4 hours and survives repeated freezing and thawing

Answer 51

fibrinogen